氮肥运筹对玉米饲用栽培物质生产特性的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Productive Characters of Silage Corn

作　　者：范磊[1] 高聚林[1] 王志刚[1] 任有志 武向良[2] 马晓明[2] 王俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农牧业厅,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古农业科技》2007年第3期25-27,53,共4页Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：北京农业育种基础研究创新平台项目;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET040264);内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(200408020302)

摘　　要：文章以粮饲兼用和青贮专用玉米品种为材料,对不同氮肥运筹下玉米饲用栽培的物质生产特性进行了系统研究。结果表明:不同氮肥水平和追肥时期、比例对粮饲兼用品种农大108和青贮专用品种科青1号的农艺性状、群体鲜、干物质产量有显著影响。不同施氮水平下,两品种群体鲜物质积累量皆随着生育进程的推进呈单峰曲线变化,群体干物质积累量呈“S”形曲线增长。玉米饲用栽培优化施氮量为337.5kg/hm2,拔节期、大喇叭口期、抽穗期,按36∶1∶的比例追肥3次,可以显著改善植株生长状况,提高玉米生物产量,在物质生产的角度提倡适量增施氮肥和氮肥适量后移。Grain-forage maize and ensilage maize cultivars were used in this article,and the silage production characteristics of those two cultivars in different nitrogen treatments were studied systematically.This result represented that different nitrogen applying quantity,applying stages and applying proportion all influenced the agricultural characteristic,fresh matter yield and the dry matter yield remarkably.The fresh matter accumulation represented a parabola,but the dry matter accumulation showed an 'S'curve.The optimizing nitrogen applying quantity was 337.5kg/hm2,and applying nitrogen separately in Jointing stage,male tetrad stage and flowering stage by the proportion of 3∶6∶1 could improve the growth situation of maize and heighten the biomass yield,so increasing nitrogen reasonable and transferring prophase nitrogen to apply in the anaphase of growth were advocated in the view of improving silage production.

关 键 词：玉米 饲用栽培 物质生产 氮肥调控 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S143.1