无线传感器网络区域覆盖的拟物拟人优化方法  

Quasi-Physical and Quasi-Sociological Method for Optimizing the Area Covering of Wireless Sensor Network

作　　者：程爱华[1] 葛宝忠[1] 季中恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军信息工程大学国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2007年第12期2668-2673,共6页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：河南省杰出人才创新基金项目资助(0421000100)

摘　　要：建立了以节能为目标的无线传感器网络(WSN)区域覆盖优化模型,指出此模型是一个具有指数复杂度的NP问题,针对问题特点设计了三条拟物拟人策略,分别是"拟万有引力"模型、"拟库仑力"模型和"共同富裕"模型.以此为基础,设计了一个拟物拟人算法(QPQSA),此算法是一个基于节点局部信息的分布式迭代算法.仿真结果显示,对于边界复杂的目标区域,无线传感器网络可由随机初始覆盖出发,经过自组织移位调整和功率控制达到一个优化的覆盖方案,经过优化,网络寿命延长了45.03%,覆盖率从72.28%提高至98.79%.An optimizing model is set up for the area covering problem of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN),which is a NP problem having exponent complicated degree.Three quasi-physical and quasi-sociological methods are designed for the problem,and they are quasi-gravitation model,quasi-coulomb force model,and common enrichment model.Based on the three models,a quasi-physical and quasi-sociological algorithm(QPQSA) is proposed,which is a distributed iteration algorithm based on the sensor nodes' local information.The artificial result reveals that,to a target area having complex boundary,WSN can achieve an optimized covering from a random initial covering by self-organized shift and power control.After optimizing,the network life-span has lengthened 45.03%,the coverage rate is improved from 77.28% to 98.79%.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 区域覆盖 拟物拟人算法 节能 覆盖率 

分 类 号：TN915.01[电子电信—通信与信息系统]