鲤鲫杂交两种回交子代鱼的形态特征比较  

Comparison of the morphological characteristics between two types of backcross progenies from the common and crucian carp

作　　者：闫学春[1] 梁利群[1] 孙效文[1] 曹顶臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2007年第6期797-800,共4页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2001AA213101)

摘　　要：采用雌性二倍体鲤鲫杂交分别与雄性鲤鱼和雄性鲫鱼回交,获得了鲤鲫杂交两种回交子代鱼,并对其1龄鱼的形态特征和内部器官结构进行了测定。回交鲤的主要性状为侧线鳞31～38;下咽齿2行,1.4/4.1;口须2对;肠长44～46 cm;体长为头长的(3.25±0.15)倍,为尾柄长(6.14±0.89)倍;头长为眼径的(4.76±0.27)倍;尾柄长为尾柄高的(1.06±0.16)倍。回交鲫的主要性状为:侧线鳞27～36;下咽齿1行,4/4;口须1对;肠长24～62cm;体长为头长的(3.33±0.13)倍,为尾柄长的(6.36±0.54)倍;头长为眼径的(4.54±0.20)倍;尾柄长为尾柄高的(0.90±0.28)倍。结果表明,鲤鲫杂交与鲤鱼回交子代的形态特征偏向于鲤鱼;与鲫鱼回交子代的形态特征偏向于鲫鱼。Two types of backcross progenies were obtained from the female hybrids(common carp ×crucian carp) backcrossed with male common carp and crucian ones.The morphological character and interior organ structures were measured in 1-year-old fish.The main characters of backcross progenies with male common carp were as follows: the number of the scales in lateral line was 31-38.Its pharyngeal tooth formula was two rows,1.4/4.1.There were two pairs of beards.The length of intestine was 44-46 cm.The ratio of the body length to head length was 3.25±0.15,to caudal peduncle length was 6.14±0.89;the ratio of the head length to eye diameter length was 4.76±0.27,the ratio of the caudal peduncle length to height was 1.06±0.16.The main characters of backcross progenies with male crucian carp were as follows: the number of the scales in lateral line was 27-36;its pharyngeal tooth formula was one rows,4/4.There is one pairs of beards.The intestine was 24-62 cm.The ratio of the body length to head length was 3.33±0.13,to caudal peduncle length was 6.36±0.54;the ratio of the head length to eye diameter length was 4.54±0.20,to the caudal peduncle height was 1.96±0.10;the ratio of the caudal peduncle length to height was 0.90±0.28.The results show that morphological characteristics of backcross progenies derived from hybrids(common carp × crucian carp) crossed with common carp are bias toward to co-mmon carp and the same as the crucain carp.

关 键 词：鲤鲫杂交 回交 子代 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q959.46[生物学—动物学] Q321