职业性汞中毒观察对象的驱汞治疗  

作　　者：张永利[1] 唐文彬[1] 吴正康 毛朝奇 郑伟达[1] 姚耿东[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嵊泗县疾病预防控制中心,202450 [2]浙江大学医学院公共卫生系

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2007年第3期273-274,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的对职业性汞中毒观察对象进行现场驱汞治疗。方法选取嵊泗县三家以生产汞温度计为主的医疗有限公司尿汞浓度x≥0·05mg/L企业职工为对象。根据尿汞浓度0·05≤x<0·08、0·08≤x<0·15、0·15≤x<0·2、x≥0·2(mg/L)分成4个治疗小组,统一询问既往史、职业史、个人卫生习惯、症状等,并作一般内外科、肝肾功能、心电图和血常规检查。排除肝脏、肾脏功能异常的职工后,确定147名职业性汞中毒观察对象进行三巯基丁二酸口服驱汞治疗,由职业病防治专家现场为企业制定职工驱汞治疗方案,治疗前和每个疗程后进行尿汞测定。结果除2名因药物不良反应中断治疗外,145名职业性汞中毒观察对象完成全程治疗。4个治疗小组第1组驱汞后尿汞浓度升高人数显著多于降低人数,差值均数为正且数字较大;第2组驱汞后尿汞浓度升高人数比降低人数多,差值均数为正,升高程度小于第1组;第3、4组尿汞浓度升高人数低于降低人数,差值均数为负,升高程度第4组高于第3组。人均驱汞量估算值大于5·108±3·268mg/人。随访一年,无一例职业性汞中毒病人发生。结论职业性汞中毒观察对象的现场驱汞治疗是安全、经济的。Objective The study aimed to treat occupational mercury poisoning of observed participants.Methods Based on general clinic exam and previous and occupational exposure history,urinary mercury,and clinical symptom,147 employees were selected from enterprise workers of three medical treatment company ltd,which produced mercury thermometer,as observed participants with their urinary mercury x≥0.05mg/L,According to the levels of mercury in their urine as 0.05≤x<0.08、0.08≤x<0.15、0.15≤x<0.2、x≥0.2(mg/L),four study groups was made up of,and Dimercaptosuccinic Acid(DMSA) was used in the eliminating mercury treatment.Prevention and cure experts on occupational diseases established the cure scheme,and examed the urinary mercury levels of the participants ahead or after the period of treatment.145 participants completed the treatment except 2 workers interrupted the treatment because of the adverse reaction.The increased numbers of urinary mercury in participants was significantly more than the decreased ones in the first group after the treatment,and the average difference level was great and positive.Result was the same in the second group,but not such high as the first group.In the third and forth group the increased numbers of that was lower than the decreased ones,and the average difference level was negative.Difference level in forth group was higher than in third one.The thickness of average eliminating mercury in their urine was estimated more than 5.108±3.268mg each person.By the follow-up exam in a year,no occupational mercury poisoning patient appeared.Conclusion The local eliminating mercury treatment was safe and economic.

关 键 词：汞中毒 观察对象 驱汞治疗 

分 类 号：R135.13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]