植物肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶(CCR)基因的研究进展  

Achievements in Research on Plant Cinnamoyl-CoA Reductase (CCR) Genes

作　　者：李波[1] 梁颖[1] 柴友荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生命科学学院,农业部生物技术与作物品质改良重点实验室,重庆市油菜工程技术研究中心,重庆400716

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2006年第z1期55-65,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(30330400);重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(8446)的资助.

摘　　要：植物体内通过公共苯丙烷途径而进入木质素特异途径来合成木质素,这条代谢途径涉及到许多酶的参与,其中肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶(cinnamoyl-CoAreductase,CCR)是木质素特异途径的第一个关键酶,可催化3种羟基肉桂酸的CoA酯的还原反应,生成相应的肉桂醛。因此人们认为此酶可能对木质素合成途径的碳流具有潜在的调控作用,对木质素单体的生物合成起着重要作用。本文主要综述了CCR在木质素生物合成途径中的地位、CCR的分布、酶的提取和基本特性、CCR基因的克隆进展、CCR基因的转录特点、CCR启动子研究情况、转基因植物中表达抑制CCR基因的生物学效应等,并展望了CCR基因研究对于植物木质素研究、植物抗病和抗逆性研究、作物品质改良以及植被保护研究的意义。Lignin in plants is synthesized via the lignin specific biosynthesis pathway which is just downstream of the common phenylpropanoid pathway, and many enzymes are involved in this process. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is the first key enzyme of lignin specific pathway and catalyses the conversion of three kinds of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA esters to corresponding cinnamaldehydes. Therefore, CCR is considered as a potential control point regulating the overall carbon flux into lignin pathway, thus it plays an important role in the biosynthesis of monolignols. This paper mainly reviews the position of CCR in lignin biosynthesis pathway, CCR enzyme distribution, extraction and enzyme characters, achievements in CCR gene cloning, transcriptional expression features of CCR genes, status of CCR promoter researches, as well as biological effects of suppressed expression of CCR genes in transgenic plants. Besides, applications of CCR genes in plant lignin research, research on plant disease resistances and adversity tolerances, crop quality improvement, and research on environmentally protective vegetations, are also prospected.

关 键 词：进展 木质素 肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶(CCR) 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]