某电解铝及预焙阳极生产建设项目职业病危害控制效果调查  

Investigation on Control Effectiveness of Occupational Hazards in A Construction Project of Producing Electrolytic Aluminium and Prebaked Anode

作　　者：李临[1] 闫秀峰[1] 刘波[1] 青玲[2] 王永伟[3] 康晓熙[1] 曹星权[2] 朱海林[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]宜宾市翠屏区疾病预防控制中心 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2006年第4期410-415,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的确定该建设项目产生的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度及对劳动者健康的影响,评价职业病危害防护措施及其效果,提出职业病危害的关键控制点。方法采用现场调查、职业卫生检测及职业健康检查相结合的方法,进行定性定量和职业病危害因素接触水平综合分析评价。结果除石油焦运输、残极返回料处理、综合供料、清包操作位总尘浓度C-STEL,中频炉操作位SO2浓度C-STEL和清包、铸造岗位噪声强度LAeq超限值外,其余各检测和测量项目的结果均未超过国家规定的职业接触限值。作业岗位粉尘和毒物浓度C-TWA均未超限值,仅有少量操作点C-STEL超限值,其超限值率粉尘26.7%,毒物5.6%,噪声14.3%。结论该建设项目正在运行的控制职业病危害的防护设施基本可行,采取的职业病危害防护措施基本有效。该项目职业病危害关键控制点是煅烧车间的石油焦运输、组装车间的残极返回料处理、综合车间的供料和铸造车间的清包、铸造操作位,以及高温作业的电解、铸造、组装、煅烧车间的操作岗位。Objective To confirm occupational hazards in a construction project of producing electrolytic aluminium and prebaked anode,analyze their hazardous degree and influence on the workers’ health,evaluate effects of preventive approaches and put forward critical control points of occupational hazards. Methods Field survey,occupational health monitoring and occupational health examinations were carried out to analyze and evaluate contact degree of occupational hazards comprehensively. Results The results showed that many indices,including poison concentration at operating position of intermediate frequency furnace,transportation of petroleum coke,treatment of residual anode revert,comprehensive supply and dust concentration at bag-cleaning position as well as noise intensity at bag-cleaning and casting positions,all surpassed the occupational exposure limits. The rest ones did not. C-STEL at a few operating positions surpassed the occupational exposure limits and the abnormal rates were dusts 26.7%,toxicity 5.6% and noise 14.3%,respectively. Conclusions Protective equipments and preventive measures adopted in this construction project for controlling occupational hazards are feasible and effective generally. The critical control points of occupational hazards in this project are transportation of petroleum coke,treatment of residual anode revert,comprehensive supply and bag-cleaning and casting positions,as well as operating positions in hot environment including electrolysis,casting,assembling and calcinations.

关 键 词：电解铝 预焙阳极 建设项目 职业病危害 控制效果 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]