不同栽培利用模式对全株玉米青贮品质的影响  

Effect of Different Patterns of Cultivation and Utilzation on Corn Silage Quality

作　　者：文亦芾[1] 白冰[1] 毛华明[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2006年第6期33-38,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：云南省"十五"科技攻关项目(2002NG03)

摘　　要：通过对不同玉米品种筛选和栽培利用模式的研究,筛选出适于本地区种植的优质玉米青贮品种,并确立优质青贮玉米最佳栽培利用模式。研究结果表明:乳熟期、蜡熟期和完熟期全株玉米青贮含水量在6 2%~7 1%,均可制作出优质青贮,青贮pH值平均为3.7 6,乳酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量平均为3.1 3 9%、0.3 5 8%、0.0 6 3%和0.0 6 6%,青贮粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量、体外干物质消化率、体外有机物消化率和产奶净能比青贮前显著增加(P<0.0 5),中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸洗洗涤木质素含量比青贮前显著降低(P<0.0 5)。种植密度对全株玉米青贮的常规营养成分含量、范氏纤维含量、体外干物质消化率、体外有机物消化率和产奶净能无显著影响(P>0.0 5);施尿素(1 5 0~4 5 0 kg/hm2)对全株玉米青贮的粗蛋白质含量、粗纤维含量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸洗洗涤木质素、体外干物质消化率、体外有机物消化率和产奶净能有显著影响(P<0.0 5),3 0 0 kg/hm2尿素水平的营养品质和青贮品质均优于1 5 0 kg/hm2和4 5 0 kg/hm2尿素水平,且蜡熟期品质最为优异。According to the development of dairy production in Yunnan province,corn was planted with different density and applied with different treatment of nitrogen fertilizer.The results showed that at milk stage,dough stage and entire maturity stage the content of water of whole maize was 62%~74%,and could be made for excellent silage maize.pH was 3.76,the content of lactic acid,acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid were 3.139%,0.358%,0.063% and 0.066%.CP,CF,DMD,OMD and NEL were increased than that of pre-silaging clearly(P<0.05),the content of NDF,ADF and ADL were decreased clearly(P<0.05).Planting density had not remarkable influence on common nutritional component,Van Soest fiber,IVDMD,IVOMD and NEL of whole silage maize at the same generational stage(P>0.05).Fertilizing 150kg^450kg carbamide/hm^2 would effect CP,C,NDF,ADF,ADL,DMD,OMD and NEL clearly(P<0.05).Nutritional characteristics and silage quality was the best by fertilizing 300kg carbamide/hm^2,and especially incarnated at dough stage.

关 键 词：全株玉米 种植密度 施肥 生育期 青贮品质 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]