棉花滴灌随水施滴灌专用肥中磷素的移动和利用率的^(32)P研究  

Distribution and Use Efficiency of Phosphorus from Trickle Irrigation Fertilizer Specific Fertigated of Trickle Irrigated Cotton via ^(32)P Tracing Technique

作　　者：尹飞虎[1] 康金花[2] 黄子蔚[2] 曾德超[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国农业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2005年第6期199-204,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关项目(2001BA901A23)

摘　　要：应用同位素32P标记肥料和放射性同位素自显影技术,在网室利用平面根槽和盆栽试验通过滴灌随水施肥的方法,研究了滴灌专用肥(新疆农垦科学院专利产品)和磷酸二铵(美国进口)2种肥料中的磷在土壤中的移动和棉株对磷肥的利用率。试验结果表明:①棉株对滴灌专用肥中磷的利用率为21．05％,磷酸二铵为 16．88％。滴灌专用肥比磷酸二铵的利用率高出4．62％。②放射性自显影表明磷酸二铵中的磷在土壤中的最大垂直移动距离为6．2 cm,扩散面积为清水对照的1．85倍;滴灌专用肥中的磷在土壤中的最大垂直移动距离为 7．5 cm,扩散面积为清水对照的2．21倍。肥料随水滴施,提高了磷素在土壤中的运移能力。Using 32P labeled fertilizers and autoradiographic technique, distribution in soil and use efficiency of phosphorus (P) from trickle irrigation fertilizer specific (pattern owned product by Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation) and Diammonium Phosphate (made in USA) by cotton plant were studied. The cotton plant was grown in planar root channels and pots, and then all were buried in soil in a nylon net house. The fertilizer accessions were fertigated during growth season of trickle irrigated cotton. The results showed that:① use efficiency of Phosphorus from trickle irrigation fertilizer specific and Diammonium phosphate by cotton plant is 21. 05% and 16. 88%, respectively; ② Phosphorus fertigation increased P mobility in soil, and the maximum vertical distribution distance in soil of Phosphorus from trickle irrigation specific fertilizer and Diammonium phosphate is 7. 5 cm and 6. 2 cm, and the diffusion area in soil is increased by 221% and 185% over that of control (CK), respectively.

关 键 词：棉花 32P示踪 放射性自显影 磷肥利用率 平面根槽 滴灌专用肥 随水施肥 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]