社区老年人身体机能状态及跌倒的相关因素分析  

Body Function and Fall Related Factors of the Elderly in Community

作　　者：刘素珍[1] 李继平[1] 成翼娟[1] 毛爱妹[1] 胡秀英[1] 石垣和子[2] 铃木隆雄 上野真理[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院护理部/华西临床医学院护理系,四川成都610041 [2]日本千叶大学护理系 [3]日本东京都老年研究所

出　　处：《护理学杂志（综合版）》2004年第6期5-7,共3页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：日本东京都老年研究所副所长铃木隆雄负责的促进老年人健康的国际合作研究课题

摘　　要：目的明确导致老年人跌倒的相关因素,为预防社区老年人跌倒提供依据。方法通过问卷调查评估124名60～85岁社区老年人跌倒情况和跌倒危险因素,并测试其身体机能。结果跌倒发生率为30.6％,跌倒的受伤率为60.5％;70～85岁年龄段老年人比60～69岁者身体机能状况差,且女性更明显;男性身体机能指标与跌倒关系不明显,女性的握力与跌倒密切相关(P<0.05);排泄问题、肢体麻木感、在家中经常被绊滑、近一年因病住院、怕跌倒而限制外出、不能结算日常开支及有差点跌倒的经历与社区老年人跌倒密切相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论跌倒严重威胁社区老年人的健康,其原因复杂,社区护士应采取综合措施予以预防。Objective To identify the risk factors of fall among the elderly, and to provide evidence of fall prevention in community. Methods Questionnaire investigation and body function assessment were performed to assess the fall among the 124 old people aged 60 to 85 years old and the fall-related factors. Results The incidence of fall of the elderly in a resent year was 30. 6%, and rate of fall injury was 60. 5%. Compared with those aged 60 - 69 years old, there was deterioration of body function in both males and females of 70-85 years old group, especially in females. There was no significant relation of body function with fall of male older persons. For female, there was significant relation between hand-grip stretch and fall (P<0. 05). Excretion problem, numb, stumble and slip experience, hospitalization in a resent year, fear for fall and reduction of being out, being unable to balance daily expenses, to save and get money from bank, experience within an inch of fall were closely related with fall of the elderly (P< 0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusion Fall was a threat of health and quality of life for the elderly. Risk factors of fall of the elderly were complicated. Community nursing should provide multi-programs to prevent fall in the community.

关 键 词：老年人 跌倒 身体机能 数据收集 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学] R181.3+7[医药卫生—临床医学]