低温下混有冲厕海水的污水生物处理  

Biological Treatment of Wastewater Mixed with Seawater for Lavatory Flushing at Low Temperature

作　　者：祝贵兵[1] 彭永臻[2] 王淑莹[2] 崔有为[2] 于德爽[1] 孙晓杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100022 [3]青岛建筑工程学院环境与市政工程系,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2003年第z1期5-9,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：十五"国家科技攻关课题(2001BA610A-09);国家自然科学基金资助重点项目(50138010);北京市教委科技重点项目(KZ200310005003)

摘　　要：　采用传统推流式活性污泥法进行了低温条件下(5～9℃)混有冲厕海水污水的生物处理中试。结果表明:在海水比例为30%、低温条件下系统对COD仍有较高的去除率,出水COD为50mg L左右。低温对硝化菌的生长起到明显的抑制作用;海水明显地抑制亚硝酸盐至硝酸盐的转变,造成亚硝酸盐的积累,实现了短程硝化。室温[(23±2)℃]条件下的SBR小试也得到相同的结论。盐度使活性污泥的结构发生了明显的变化:菌胶团变得更加密实,絮凝体异常紧密,在一定范围内污泥的沉降性能随海水比例的提高变得越来越好;丝状菌在高盐环境下无法生存,污泥膨胀得到了有效的控制。Pilot test was made on the treatment of wastewater mixed with seawater for lavatory flushing at low temperature (5～9 ℃) by using plug-flow activated sludge process.The result showed that higher COD removal is kept at low temperature and seawater ratio of 30% with effluent COD about 50 mg/L.Low temperature has strong inhibition to nitrifying bacteria growth;and seawater also significantly inhibits the transformation of nitrite to nitrate,which results in nitrite accumulation with short-cut nitrification achieved.The same conclusion is drawn for bench-scale test of SBR at atmosphere temperature [(23±2) ℃].Salinity leads to remarkable variation in structure of activated sludge,that is:bacteria mass is more dense and floc more close,and at certain range,sludge settleability is getting better with the rising of seawater ratio;filamentous bacteria can not be kept alive under high salinity condition,and sludge bulking is brought under efficient control.

关 键 词：海水冲厕 低温 生物处理 活性污泥法 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]