长江上游云南松水土保持林地坡面径流与侵蚀规律的研究  

Runoff and Erosion of Pinus Yunnanensis Soil and Water Conservation Forested Lands in Upper Reach of Yangtze River

作　　者：袁春明[1] 郎南军[1] 孟广涛[1] 方向京[1] 李贵祥[1] 温绍龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2003年第6期74-76,共3页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目(96-007-02-05-02)和(96-007-04-06-02)共同资助

摘　　要：根据1999～2001连续3年的定位观测,研究了试验流域降水特征和森林植被与坡面径流与侵蚀的关系。结果表明:试验区的大气降水表现出明显的雨季和旱季之分,年均降水量为1019.6mm,雨量多集中在雨季的5～10月份,其降水量为827.7mm,占年降水量的81.18％,旱季仅占18.82％。试验小流域发生地表径流的形式为蓄满产流,同时大气降水分配不均,雨季降水的过分集中并形成的大雨或暴雨,是导致地表径流及其侵蚀的主要原因。与裸地相比,林地坡面径流与侵蚀的削减效应显著。但森林削减坡面径流与侵蚀的效益与森林树种自身的生物、生态学特性及其林分结构状况等密切相关。Based on the 3 years continuous locating observation, this paper discussed the precipitation pattern and its relations to the runoff and soil erosion. The results show that the raining are characterized of obvious wet and dry seasons through the year, and the rainfall in average up to 1 019. 6mm per year, with especially heavy rains between May and October of 827. 7 mm, which account for 81.18% of the total year rainfalls. The formation of the runoff is saturated runoff in trial watershed, furthermore, the uneven distribution, the over concentration of the precipitation and consequential heavy rain and hard rain, are the principal factors that resulted in the runoff and erosion. Forested lands have a notable effect on cutting the slope runoff and erosion compared to the naked land. However, the reducing benefits of runoff and erosion of forests has a highly correlation with the tree species' biological, ecological property and its stands structural status.

关 键 词：长江上游 云南松 水土保持林地 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]