长江上游^(137)Cs法土壤侵蚀量研究  

Study on Soil Erosion Rates Using^(137)Cs Technique in Upper Yangtze River

作　　者：文安邦[1] 张信宝[1] 王玉宽[1] 冯明义[1] 张一云[2] 徐家云[2] 白立新[2] 贺廷荣 王建文 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学,四川成都610041 [3]云南省楚雄彝族自治州水土保持工作站,云南楚雄540023

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2002年第6期1-3,共3页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：长江水利委员会水土保持局"九五"科技攻关项目;国家自然科学基金(49871008);中科院知识创新工程项目(KZCX-SW-319)

摘　　要：长江上游地区侵蚀泥沙径流观测资料较少,难以确定不同类型土地侵蚀量。本文利用137Cs示踪法测定了长江上游不同土地类型土壤侵蚀量,农耕地土壤侵蚀量介于758～9854t/(km2·a),非农耕地土壤侵蚀量介于310～4435t/(km2·a),紫色土裸坡侵蚀量高达12444t/(km2·a)。The upper Yangtze River Basin with an area of 1×106 km2 is one of the most severely eroded areas in China. Cultivated land on steep slopes is one of the important sources for river sediment in the mountain regions,and soil erosion has significant influences on land degradation and reduction of crop productivity, where absence of direct measurements of the soils erosion rates.The paper reports the results of a preliminary investigation of the potential of using 137Cs measurements on a sloping cultivated land and noncultivated land in the upper Yangtze river.Soil samples were mainly collected from the cultivated slope land and noncultivated land, and the137Cs reference samples collected from a plain grassland or terraced land where no disturbance sine 1953. The references inventory of137Cs in sampling sites are between 620.9 Bq/m2 (Yuanmou county,Yunnan province) and 2 573.2 Bq/m2(Tianshui city,Ganshu province).The soil erosion rates of the cultivated land of sampling sites are from 758 t/(km2·a) to 9 854 t/(km2·a). The soil erosion rates of the non(cultivated land are from 310 t/(km2·a) to 4 435 t/(km2·a). Soil erosion rate measurement of the naked purple land is 12 444 t/(km2·a).

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀量 137Cs法 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]