对渭河流域人为新增水土流失的计算与分析  

Calculation and Analysis of Soil Erosion Caused by Human Being in Weihe Watershed

作　　者：安乐平[1] 王宏[1] 马勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会天水水土保持科学试验站,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2002年第6期123-125,共3页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部第二期黄河水沙变化研究基金资助项目

摘　　要：通过对渭河流域人类不注意保持水土的社会经济活动调查分析,其造成新的水土流失的主要项目有开荒、修路、城镇庄院建设、开采等。截止1996年底,累计开荒面积3.40万hm2,城镇庄院建设64.02万处,挖窑洞25.13万孔,修路9.39万km,挖药材破坏地表36.48万hm2,铲草皮22.03万hm2。经计算,1954～1996年年均增洪量34.58万m3,年均增沙量602.90万t,分别占渭河流域多年平均径流量、输沙量的0.01%和4.50%。From the survey and analysis of human s social and economic activities, we list out the main activities that cause water and soil loss such as open up wild land, road build, house construction, mine and so on. Up to the end of 1996, the total area of open up wild countries was 34 000 hm2, there were 640 200 normal house and 251 300 cavehouse was constructed newly, total length of 93 900 km of road were built, 364 800 hm2 land surface were disturbed by digging the herbal medicine and 220 300 hm2 by spading wild divot. The calculation shows that, between 1954~1996, these activities increased the flood by 345 800 m3 the sediment by 6 029 000 t annually in average, which are account for 0.01% and 4.5% of normal runoff and sediment runoff of the Weihe river respectively.

关 键 词：人类活动 增洪 增沙 渭河流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]