腾格里沙漠生态系统不同固沙方式下昆虫群落的生态位分异研究  

Study on Insect Community Niche under Different Desertification Controlling Approaches in Tengger Desert Ecosystem

作　　者：刘新民[1] 陈海燕[2] 乌宁[1] 郭砺[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生物系 [2]内蒙古师范大学化学系,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古大学生物系,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2002年第6期566-570,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院沙坡头沙漠试验研究站开放基金项目 ( 2 0 0 0 17)资助

摘　　要：利用样方法研究了腾格里沙漠生态系统无脊椎动物的群落组成和以生活方式划分的功能群的特征 ,并计算了主要动物类群的生态位宽度及各类群间的生态位重叠。结果表明 :不同的沙地固定方式下 ,动物群落的演替方向不同。油蒿 (Artemisiaordosica)是优势动物类群的主要食物资源和生活场所 ,其他动物类群数尽管较多 ,但个体数量和生物量是相对较低的。从功能群的角度出发 ,蛀根性昆虫种类在整个动物群落中占有重要地位。在A区中蛀根性昆虫种类仅发现有吉丁甲科和象甲科昆虫幼虫 ,与B、C、D区比较 ,无蠹蛾科幼虫寄生 ,并且其根被蛀的程度和寄生率也较轻 ,夜蛾科幼虫在A区亦无分布。Based on surveys of invertebrate communities by quadrat sampling method, it was studied that the construction of invertebrate communities and the features of functional groups in Tengger desert ecosystem. Also, the niches of main animal groups and the niche overlap between main animal groups were calculated. The results showed that under different desertification controlling approaches the successions of invertebrate community are not same. \%Artemisia ordosica\% is the food source and the habitat of the main animal groups. For different functional groups, the groups living on plant roots play a most important role in the community of invertebrate. There only find Larvae of Buprestidae and Larvae of Curculionidae in site A, and no Larvae of Cossidae compared with B, C, D sites. The damage of \%Artemisia ordosica\% roots is relatively lighter than that in B, C, and D sites. The distribution of Noctuidae Larvae is same as that of Cossidae Larvae. For all groups of invertebrate in Tengger desert ecosystem, some of them have similarly or same habitats. But there are not relatively larger niche overlaps between them.

关 键 词：沙坡头地区 昆虫群落 生态位 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学]