林分立地和林种对土壤水分的影响  

Effects of Stand Sites and Forest Types on Soil Water Contents in Artificial Forests

作　　者：王孟本[1] 李洪建[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2001年第6期43-46,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目 ( 96 -0 0 4-0 5 -0 3)

摘　　要：坡向和坡位对林地土壤水分有一定影响。林分相同时 ,阴坡林地的土壤水分含量高于阳坡。阴坡河北杨林、柠条灌木林和沙棘灌木林的土壤水分含量分别比阳坡高约 2 .5 3%～ 3.2 0 % ,0 .77%～ 1.0 1%和 2 .35 %。坡向和林分相同时 ,坡下部林地的土壤水分含量相当于、略高于或明显高于坡上部和中部。阴向峁坡下部柠条灌木林的土壤水分含量与峁顶、峁坡上部和中部无明显差异 ;东坡和西北坡下部油松林的土壤水分含量比坡上部仅分别高0 .95 % ,1.46 % (4月 )与 1.2 8% ,0 .35 % (6月 ) ;沟坡下部沙棘灌木林的土壤含水量则分别比沟坡上部和中部高14.79%和 7.2 7% (5月 )与 9.2 1%和 5 .42 % (11月 )。林种对土壤水分亦有一定影响。在相同降水量区域 ,5个不同林种之间的土壤水分含量差值为 0 .5 8%～ 2 .77% ;选择适当的造林树种和密度可以改善林地土壤水分状况。Effects of stand sites and forest types on soil water contents in soil profiles of 2 to 4 meters were studied in artificial forests in the Loess Plateau. The results showed that in comparison with the stands of Populus hopeiensis, Caragana korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides on south slope,the soil water contents (%,SWCs) in the same types of stands on north slope were 2.53% to 3.20%,0.77% to 1.01% and 2.35% higher respectively; and that the Caragana korshinskii stand in the lower part of north slope indicated the same SWC as the ones in the middle and upper parts of the slope; the SWCs in Pinus tabulaeformis stands in the lower parts of east slope and northwest slope were 0.95%, 1.46% (in April) and 1.28%, 0.35% (in June) higher respectively than in the ones in the upper parts of the slopes; and that the the SWCs in Hippophae rhamnoides stands in the middle and upper parts of the slope were 14.79%, 7.27% (in May) and 9.21%,5.42% (in Nov.) lower respectively than in the one in the lower part of slope. There was an SWC difference of 2.58% to 2.77% among 5 types of artificial forests. The water conditions can be improved by selecting suitable type of tree species and stand density.

关 键 词：人工林 土壤水分 林分立地 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S715.4