祁连山青海云杉林冠层水文功能研究  

A Study on Hydrologic Function of Canopy of Picea Crassifolia in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：金博文[1] 王金叶[1] 常宗强[1] 葛双兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省张掖祁连山水源林研究所,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2001年第z1期39-42,共4页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局"中国森林生态系统研究网络"项目 ( 96 -30)

摘　　要：在祁连山水源林生态系统长期定位研究的基础上 ,利用数理统计原理和数学模型对实测资料进行综合分析 ,阐述了青海云杉林冠层引起大气降水量变化和质变的水文功能 ,模拟出了青海云杉林冠截留降水模型。结果表明 :林内透过雨量随降雨量的增加而增加 ,二者之间的呈良好的线性关系 ;在一定的降雨量范围内林冠截留量随降雨量的增加而增加 ;青海云杉林冠层平均截留降水率为 2 9.4%,它随降雨量和降雨强度的增大而减小 ,随郁闭度的增加而增大 ;林冠截留降雨量比降雪量约少 1 0 %～ 3 0 %,实测平均少 1 1 .7%;降雨对林冠的淋溶作用使林内透流雨中离子总量比林外雨中增加 1倍 ,因林冠截留而输入林地矿质元素的增加量为6 1 .0 4 2 4 kg· hm-2 · a-1。Based on the long-term location research of forest eco-system in Qilian Mountains, using theory of mathematical statistics and mathematical model to analyze data, this paper formulizes quantitative and qualitative changes of rainfall caused by canopy of Picea crassifolia, simulates interception model by canopy of Picea crassifolia. The results show that penetration rainfall inside forest increases with total rainfall outside of forest, the relationship between them is conform to linearity, To certain extent, intercepted rainfall by canopy also increases with total rainfall.The average rainfall intercepted rate by canopy of Picea crassifolia is 29.4%, it diminishes with the increase of rainfall and rainfall intensity and increases with the increase of closing degree of canopy. The average intercepted rate of rainfall by canopy is about 10%～30% less than snow. Measuring average value is 11.7% less. The gross ion content in penetration rainfall under canopy is 2 times more than the outside because the washing. The input quantity of nutrient content by the canopy washing is 61.042 4 kg·hm -2 ·a -1 .

关 键 词：青海云杉 林冠层 水文生态 祁连山 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]