2000年春季中国北方沙尘暴天气气候成因研究  

Synoptic and Climatological Analysis of Sandstorms in the Spring of 2000 over Northern China

作　　者：杨民[1] 蔡玉琴[1] 王式功[2] 李文莉[1] 尚可政[2] 董光荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州大学大气科学系,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2001年第z1期6-11,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 4870 3 ) ;国家自然科学基金重大项目 (3 9990 490 )共同资助

摘　　要：从环境背景和天气气候成因两个方面 ,分析了 2 0 0 0年春季中国北方沙尘暴频繁爆发的原因。结果表明 ,① 2 0 0 0年春季中国北方大风沙尘暴的源地、路径和天气形势可归纳为三种类型 ;②近年来中国北方干旱加剧土地荒漠化严重 ,使原本广阔的戈壁沙漠面积逐步扩大 ,为沙尘暴天气的爆发提供了物质基础 ;③ 2 0 0 0年处于反厄尔尼诺 (拉尼娜 )事件的高峰期 ,使东亚冬季风加强 ;同时 2 0 0 0年春季极涡位于东半球新地岛附近 ,冷空气频繁南下 ,易形成大风天气 ;④ 2 0 0 0年春季我国北方干旱少雨 ,气温回升迅速且温度偏高 ,使解冻的地表土层疏松 ,又提供了丰富的沙尘源。The high\|frequency of sandstorm occurrence in the Spring of 2000 over Northern China has been analyzed in respect of circulation background and synoptic\|climatological theories. The results show that 1) there are three patterns of the source, course and weather to sandstorms in the Spring of 2000 over Northern China.;2) abundant duststorm origin resulting in the sandstorm outbreak comes from spreading desert area resulted from more intense drought and more severe wildness recently over Northern China ;3) 2000 is the fastigium of La\|Nina that means more intense monsoon over the east part of Asia in winter, at the same time, in the Spring of 2000 the pole eddies lie in near Xindi island of East\|hemisphere, which results in cold air going down northward ready to form gale ; 4) another abundant duststorm origin is from looser soil resulted from arid and rare rain in the spring of 2000 over Northern China , air temperature rising rapidly and high.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 源地与路径 天气气候成因 中国北方 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]