若干生态因子对蒙古裸腹溞生殖方式转变效应的实验  

Effect studies of some environmental conditions on reproductive conversion of Moina mongolica, a salt water cladocera

作　　者：曹文清[1] 林元烧[1] 郭东晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋系,亚热带海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2001年第z1期191-195,共6页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金!资助项目 (C95 0 0 5 )

摘　　要：实验室中 ,以不同种群密度、变温、饥饿、及改变盐度为诱发条件 ,研究蒙古裸腹氵蚤有性生殖和休眠卵的产生规律 .实验结果表明 :种群密度是改变生殖方式和诱导产生休眠卵的最重要条件 .当种群密度在 1 .4个 cm3时 ,种群处于孤雌生殖状态 ;2个 cm3时 ,有少量雄体出现 ,约占 3% ;种群密度达 3.2个 cm3时 ,有性个体比例为1 4.5 % .尔后 ,种群数量急剧下降 ,有性生殖所占比例随之增加 (最高可达 6 0 % ) ,并出现休眠卵 .变温 ( 1 6、1 8和 32℃ )可诱导有性生殖个体出现 ,但仅在 1 6和 1 8℃时发现休眠卵 .饥饿对诱导产生休眠卵有一定影响 ,当培养液中小球藻细胞密度降到5千个 cm3时 ,即可出现雄氵蚤 ,2千个 cm3时 ,可诱导产生休眠卵 ;Reproduction conversion and dormant eggs inducement of Moina mongolica were studied under laboratory conditions by controlling population density, temperature variation, starvation and salinity fluctuation. Population density was the most important factor in changing procreation and inducing resting eggs of Moina mongolica among the factors controlled. When population density was 1.4 ind/cm.3, reproduction of the animal was dominated by parthenogenetic individuals. When population density increased to 2 and 3.2 ind/cm.3, male began to appear and occupied the population percentage of 3% and 14.5%, respectively. After then the density declined, sexual individuals (including male and female) increased with maximum 60% and resting eggs were found. Temperature (16, 18 and 32 ℃) played an important role in inducing dormant eggs but only occurred in the experiment group of lower temperature. Starvation was also a factor inducing dormant eggs. When food in environment was sparse, male individual can be found (fed with Chlorella spp.,5×10.3ind/cm.3, cells) and dormant eggs found at food density of 2×10.3 ind/cm.3., cells. The fluctuation of salinity seemed no effect on the reproduction conversion in the present experiments.

关 键 词：蒙古裸腹溞 繁殖 孤雌生殖 休眠卵 

分 类 号：Q132[生物学—普通生物学]