太湖河蚬资源现状及演变  

The Present Situation and Evolution of The Corbicula flumirea Resources in Tai Lake

作　　者：曹文明[1] 周刚[1] 盛建明[1] 葛家春[1] 朱成德[1] 吴林坤 凌根生 胡绍坤 

机构地区：[1]江苏省淡水水产研究所,南京210017 [2]太湖渔业生产管理委员会

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2000年第z1期125-128,共4页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

摘　　要：经过对太湖6次全湖性河蚬资源专项调查,以及相关的生态学与繁殖生物学的研究,探明太湖河规资源蕴藏量为 4．7万 t,可年供 5 800余吨“太湖活蚬”,但河蚬资源分布不均匀,10个／m2低密区占全湖面积72％；影响河蚬分布的根本因素是食物；底泥硫化物含量与黑蚬分布密度呈正相关；在种群结构上,以小规格规为主,体长大于1．8cm的商品蚬仅占14％；河蚬繁殖期始于 4月上旬, 6、7、8月为高峰期, 10月下旬起渐止。湖区河蚬生长繁殖状况各异,全湖总体增殖力弱。河规资源周年内波动较大,繁殖与机吸螺蚬船作业是引起波动的主因。现阶段河蚬资源的消长处于平衡状态。After six-time whole lake investigations in C.flum inea resources and relative studies on ecology and biology between October 19 97 and September 1998,reserves of 47,000 ton C.fluminea in Tia lake has been ascertained ,which ,can supply over 5,800 ton“Tai Lake living C.fluminea” per year.The resources are distributed unevenly,with the most density in the wes t shallows.The low density zone of below 10/m2 covers 70?%　of the lake area. Food is the key factor to influencing the distrbution of C.fluminea.There is a positive relation between the amount of sulphide of the bottom earth and the density of black shell C.fluminea.As to species population structure,the sma ll size is dominent,and the commodity C.fluminea rate of over 1.8 cm in leng th is 14%only.Tai Lake C.fluminea start to breed in the first ten days of Ap ril,with a reproductive peak in June ,July,August,and wane to stop in October.Th e bread condition of Tai Lake C.fluminea is various and the reproductive cap acity is week in the whole.The resources fluctuate greatly within a year.Reprodu ction and the pump-drawing of engine boat are the primary factors.Presently the growth and decline of the resources are in balance.Tai Lake C.fluminea reso urce evolution has gone through three stages:increase steadly in the 1970s,ris e firstly and fall later in the 1980s,decline graduately in 1990s.

关 键 词：河蚬 资源 太湖 

分 类 号：N55[自然科学总论] S7[农业科学—林学]