有螺无病地区钉螺与日本血吸虫相容性的研究  

Compatibility between Schistosoma japonicum and their snail hosts from snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis

作　　者：操治国[1] 汪天平[1] 张世清[1] 王恩木[1] 姚光秀[1] 方国仁[1] 章乐生[1] 朱磊[1] 杨卫平[1] 郭见多[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,芜湖市241000

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2009年第1期1-3,共3页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(070413108)

摘　　要：目的研究安徽省宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺与日本血吸虫的相容性,探索有螺无病地区形成的原因。方法采集宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺600只,随机分为2组,每组300只。在实验室条件下以本省日本血吸虫毛蚴进行钉螺群体感染,两组钉螺与毛蚴比例分别为1∶20和1∶40。以相同方法感染铜陵县的肋壳钉螺和泾县的光壳钉螺作为对照。感染后将钉螺置于室内22～24℃温度下饲养90d,观察各组钉螺感染率和死亡情况。结果在1∶20组和1∶40组中,宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺均未能被日本血吸虫成功感染,而铜陵县的肋壳钉螺和泾县的光壳钉螺均感染成功。至观察期结束时,无论是自然死亡率还是感染后死亡率,铜陵县的肋壳钉螺均显著低于宁国市有螺无病地区钉螺和泾县的光壳钉螺(均P<0.05),而后两地钉螺死亡率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论当地钉螺与日本血吸虫不相容可能是宁国市有螺无病地区形成的主要原因之一。Objective To study the compatibility between S. japonicum and their snail hosts from snailexistent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis (SENEAS) in Ningguo City, Anhui Province, so as to explore the reasons for causing SENEAS. Methods Six hundreds snails collected from SENEAS in Ningguo City were randomly divided into two groups, each group contained 300. The snails were exposed to S. japonicum miracidia from Anhui Province, the ratio of snail to miracidia in two groups was 1:20 and 1:40, respectively. The same exposure methods were used to snails with ribbon shells and snails with smooth shells collected from Tongling and Jingxian counties respectively. All snails from SENEAS, Tongling and Hexian were bred in the laboratory for ninety days, the room temperature was 22-24℃. The infection rate and the mortality rate of the snails in each group were observed by routine methods. Results In both group 1:20 and group 1:40, the snails from SENEAS can not be infected by S.japonicum, but the snails from both Tongling and Hexian could be infected. By the end of the observation, the natural mortality rate and the mortality rate of the snails from Tongling County were significantly lower than that of the snails from SENEAS and Jingxian County (all P< 0.05), but these differences were not found between the snails from SENEAS and the snails from Jingxian County (P>0.05). Conclusion The incompatibility between S. japonicum and local snails was possibly one of the main reasons for causing SENEAS.

关 键 词：有螺无病地区 钉螺 日本血吸虫 相容性 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]