相平衡热力学方法在超细碳化物高碳合金钢合金设计中的应用  

Application of Phase Equilibrium Thermodynamic Method in Alloy Design for High Carbon Alloy Steel with Ultra-fine Carbides

作　　者：马永庆[1] 张洋[1] 戴玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学机电与材料工程学院,大连116026

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2009年第1期8-13,共6页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：多元合金高碳钢成分设计合适时,钢中存在多类型碳化物(M_3C、M_(23)C_6、M_7C_3、M_6C和MC)在常规的锻轧加工和退火工艺条件下,碳化物具有超细化特征根据Cr-W-Mo-V高碳合金钢的碳化物在退火温度下的变化规律,应用Fe-Cr-W-Mo-V-Si-Mn-C系相平衡热力学计算,给出各温度下的钢中相结构、相成分和相变规律;并根据不同奥氏体化温度下的基体成分,推导合适的热处理工艺,并预测淬火硬度和回火硬度;借助在电子、原子层次上计算马氏体基体的原子间平均结合能,推断屈服强度和韧性指标按照技术指标对机械性能的要求,对合金元素不同含量的钢的全部计算结果进行比较,最终确定钢的合适的化学成分用上述方法研制了系列多类型超细碳化物中合金高碳钢和高合金高碳钢,实践结果表明,理论设计计算与少量的生产性实验结合可以达到预期的目的。Under normal forging and annealing conditions,there are different ultra fine carbides(M3C,M23C6,M7C3,M6C and MC) in high carbon alloy steels when alloy composition design is carried out properly.On the basis of carbides transformation orderliness in Cr-W-Mo-V high carbon alloy steel at annealing temperature,the structure and composition of the phases and its transformation orderliness in the steel at different temperature were estimated by phase-equilibrium thermodynamic calculation for Fe-Cr-W-Mo-V-Si-Mn-C system.The rational heat treatment technics were concluded on the basis of the matrix composition at different austenitizing temperature,and the hardness of quenching and secondary hardening was doped out.The yield strength and the toughness can be forecasted on the basis of average cohesive-energy of martensit matrix by the calculation at electronic and atomic scale.As a demand of mechanical properties of new steel.the eligible chemical composition of the high canbon alloy steel was finally corfirmed according to the comparison with all calculating resuhs for other conceivable chemical composition.A series of the high carbon medium and high alloy steels with ultra-fine carbides were studied by aforesaid method.The practice of production should that the prospective objective can be obtained by theoretic design adding a small quantity of technical tests.

关 键 词：相平衡热力学 超细碳化物 高碳合金钢 合金设计 

分 类 号：TG142.33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]