国际科学数据的发展与共享  

A Survey on International Scientific Data and its Open Access

作　　者：傅小锋[1] 李俊[2] 黎建辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]科学技术部基础研究司 [2]中国科学院计算机网络信息中心

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2007年第2期30-35,共6页China Basic Science

摘　　要：科学数据及其广泛共享已经成为推动21世纪科技发展的重要因素之一,也是一个国家保持科技竞争力的关键。美国等发达国家自20世纪初就注重对科学数据的积累、有效管理与长期保存,并推动其在全社会的共享与应用,形成了一系列的具有重要战略意义的、核心的数据库,对其科学技术、教育与国民经济的发展起到了重要的作用。本文在广泛调研的基础上,介绍了世界各国在科学数据建设与共享方面的一些重要措施,重点分析了若干国际著名的科学数据库系统,讨论了国际上科学数据共享政策研究与实施的相关问题。最后,本文结合我国科学数据共享工程的实际情况,提出了一些可供借鉴的建议。Scientific data and its open access has been a key factor to enable research and science discovery in 21st century, and is important for China international leadership in science and technology. Developed countries, such as USA, have paid more attention to acquiring, effectively managing and long term archiving scientific data, and make them open accessed by public. By now some international databases have been built. The effect of scientific data and its open access become more and more remarkable. This paper introduces some scientific data and its open access practices in different countries, especially in these developed countries, and then analyzes some international reference databases, discusses researches and practices in scientific data sharing policy in the world. Finally it gives some suggestions for Scientific Data Sharing Program in China.

关 键 词：科学数据 数据库 共享 政策 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学]