《史记》的叙事结构  

The narrative structure of Shi Ji

作　　者：刘宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安教育学院,陕西西安710002

出　　处：《西安文理学院学报（自然科学版）》2002年第4期23-28,40,共7页Journal of Xi’an University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：《史记》的大结构具有四个特点 :一、《史记》五个部分不是对等平列的 ,而是具有不同的功能 ,相互间不能替代 ;二、《史记》五个部分相互配合 ,共同构成一个整体系统 ;三、任何一个具体篇章在全书中的位置是具有意义的 ;四、各部分之间的组合存在巨大的张力。小结构中把人物列传分成单传、类传、合传三个类型 7种叙事模式 :1、串珠式 ,2、板块式 ;3双线式 ,4、纠结式 ,5、对比式 ;6、并列分叙式 ,7、横截编组式。《史记》的内部结构就是作者的写作意图、动机和文本中所隐含的意义 ,本文用“文心”二字来概括 ;在具体的篇章中作者或用一二字或用一些小故事小细节或用言语、书信等为“文心” 。Two main problems are discussed in this artical: the inside and outside structure. As for the outside structure, it is analyzed both from its macrostructure: the imperial biography, the prince biography, the table, the article and the others' biography and its microstructure-the specific passages respectively. There are four characteristics in its macrostructure: 1. non-parallel arrangement in which each of the above five parts has a different function and cannot be replaced by another. 2. The five parts are co-operative to make up a whole system. 3. Each specific passage has its reasonable position in the whole book. 4. The connection between each part is of great tension. The inside structure of the book represents the author's writing purpose, motivation and implied meaning which can be generalized by one single term-article soul, referring to a few words or details in the story or even speeches and letters that guide the whole passage.

关 键 词：<史记> 结构 

分 类 号：I262[文学—中国文学]