含氮芳香化合物的厌氧生物降解研究回顾  

Review on the anaerobic biodegradation of N-substituted aromatics

作　　者：于建伟[1] 佘宗莲[1] 赵宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266003 [2]青岛大学化工学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2004年第2期16-21,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：回顾了硝基芳香化合物和偶氮化合物在厌氧条件下的生物脱毒、转化和矿化作用的研究成果。这些研究表明 ,由于硝基和偶氮基具有强烈的吸电子性 ,好氧条件下很难降解。但是 ,硝基和偶氮基芳香化合物在产甲烷菌群作用下较易还原脱毒 ,转化为相应的芳香胺类 ,其毒性要小几个数量级 ,因而有些毒性很高的芳香化合物废水可利用厌氧反应器处理 ,而且反应过程中发现一些芳香胺类化合物可被完全矿化 ,表明一些含氮芳香化合物可作为厌氧菌的碳源和能源 ,在厌氧条件下被完全生物降解。This paper reviews the literature on the potential of detoxification, transformation and mineralization of nitroaromatic and azo compounds under anaerobic conditions. These former papers show that nitroaromatics and azo dyes are strong electron attracting, which make them difficult to be biodegraded in aerobic conditions. However, nitro and azo substituted aromatics are readily detoxified by methanogenic consortia to their respective aromatic amines which are several orders of magnitude less toxic. This reductive detoxification has allowed the successful operation of anaerobic reactors for the treatment of highly toxic aromatic compounds, and in the course of degradation it was found that some aromatic amines were mineralized. These results indicate that some N-substituted aromatic compounds can serve as a carbon and energy sources for anaerobic bacteria and can be mineralized completely under anaerobic conditions.

关 键 词：含氮芳香化合物 偶氮染料 芳香胺 硝基芳香化合物 厌氧生物降解 厌氧菌 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]