The optical near-field speckles and their first order statistics on the basis of the integral equations of electromagnetic field  

作　　者：CHENG Chuanfu1, 2, SONG Hongsheng2, LIU Chunxiang2, REN Xiaorong2, ZHANG Ningyu3, TENG Shuyun1 & XU Zhizhan1 1. Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 800-211, Shanghai 201800, China 2. Department of Physics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China 3. Shandong Institute of Architecture and Engineering, Jinan 250014, China 

出　　处：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》2004年第3期365-380,共16页中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学（英文版）

基　　金：sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.69978012);by the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation(NKBRSF)of China(Grant No.G1999075200).

摘　　要：From Helmholtz equation of the harmonic electromagnetic waves, the integral equations of the light field at the medium boundaries are obtained by use of the Green's theorem and are discretized into linear equation set with the values of the light field and its derivative as the unknowns. On solving the linear equation set, we realize the rigorous computations of the light fields at the boundaries. Then the intensities of the light waves scattered by the random self-affine fractal surfaces in the optical near-field are calculated, and the propagation characteristics, the evolutions of the contrast and the intensity probability density function of the near-field speckles are studied in detail. The near-field speckles are much different from the conventional speckles in the diffraction regions and in the imaging systems. There are obvious local fluctuations in the intensity distributions of the near-field speckles and such fluctuations disappear after propagating a distance of one wavelength from the medium surfaces. For the random surfaces with smaller lateral correlation lengths, the speckle contrasts approach the saturation values and the speckle fields approach Gaussian distribution within the near-field, while for the random surfaces with larger lateral correlation lengths, such evolutions become comparatively slow.From Helmholtz equation of the harmonic electromagnetic waves, the integral equations of the light field at the medium boundaries are obtained by use of the Green抯 theorem and are discretized into linear equation set with the values of the light field and its derivative as the unknowns. On solving the linear equation set, we realize the rigorous computations of the light fields at the boundaries. Then the intensities of the light waves scattered by the random self-affine fractal surfaces in the optical near-field are calculated, and the propagation characteristics, the evolutions of the contrast and the intensity probability density function of the near-field speckles are studied in detail. The near-field speckles are much different from the conventional speckles in the diffraction regions and in the imaging systems. There are obvious local fluctuations in the intensity distributions of the near-field speckles and such fluctuations disappear after propagating a distance of one wavelength from the medium surfaces. For the random surfaces with smaller lateral correlation lengths, the speckle contrasts approach the saturation values and the speckle fields approach Gaussian distribution within the near-field, while for the random surfaces with larger lateral correlation lengths, such evolutions become comparatively slow.

关 键 词：speckle  NEAR-FIELD optics  first order statistics  Green's function. 

分 类 号：O451[理学—无线电物理]