从“如果”与“如果说”的差异看“说”的传信义  

The Evidential Meaning of "shuo" from the Perspective of Differences between "ruguo" and "ruguoshuo"

作　　者：李晋霞[1] 刘云[2] 

机构地区：[1]教育部语言文字应用研究所,北京100816 [2]北京大学计算语言学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《语言科学》2003年第3期59-70,共12页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：文章从“说”的传信义出发尝试解释“如果”句式与“如果说”句式之间的差异。主要考察了以下内容:“如果”句式与“如果说”句式之间的差异;“如果说”中“说”的传信义;表示传信义的“说”的来源及对其传信义的进一步验证;“如果说”的功能扩展;由“说”的传信义引发的“如果说”句式的特殊修辞效果。文章提出以下一些观点:自然语流中,“如果”句式与“如果说”句式在推理类型上有所侧重,前者重在表示逻辑推理,后者重在表示隐喻推理;“如果说”中的“说”是标志言者对所述内容的真实性持弱信任态度的传信标记;这一传信标记的“说”很有可能来自于表示间接引语的“说”。From the perspective of the evidential meaning of 'shuo', this article explains the differences between 'ruguo' and 'ruguoshuo'. The main content includes: The differences between 'ruguo' and 'ruguoshuo'; The evidential meaning of 'shuo'; The origin of this evidential marker 'shuo'; The functional expansion of 'ruguoshuo'; The special rhetorical effect of 'ruguoshuo' sen- tences. This paper points out that: In natural language fluent, the reasoning type of 'ruguo' and 'rugu- oshuo' is different: the former emphasizes on the logical reasoning which indicates material implication, and the latter emphasizes on the metaphor reasoning. 'shuo' in 'ruguoshuo' is an evidential marker which indicates the speaker's low-degree trust on the authenticity of what he says. This evidential marker 'shuo' is very likely to come from the 'shuo' which marks the indirect speech.

关 键 词：如果 如果说 说 传信 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]