Design Method of Rainwater Harvesting System for Afforestation in Loess Plateau  

黄土高原适于造林的雨水收集系统设计方法(英文)

作　　者：王百田[1] 田晶会[1] 张府娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《Forestry Studies in China》2002年第1期29-34,共6页中国林学（英文版）

基　　金：SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(GrantNo .30 0 70 6 30 )

摘　　要：On the basis of natural conditions of lack of rainfall on the Loess Plateau, this paper presents a method of design and construction in rainwater harvesting system for afforestation, which is suitable to the regions of 300 600?mm rainfall. The system consists of micro catchments of various forms and sizes that include planting areas, where trees are planted and trapped runoff, and contributing areas, where overland flow are produced by rainfall. The design is based on rainfall, runoff coefficients of contributing areas, evapotranspiration of trees and soil surface, water deficiency of soil, and environmental capacity of precipitation in the region, and so on. Runoff coefficient of contributing areas with YJG (organic silicon chemical treatment), compacted surface soil slope and natural slope micro catchments, are 0 8 0 89, 0 23 0 36, and 0 08 0 10 respectively. According to the Penman method, the soil water deficiency varies from 50?mm to 300?mm. In the region of 400?mm precipitation, the contributing area treated with YJG is 3 4?m 2 for timber forests, 8 10?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area treated with compacted soil surface is 6 8?m\+2 for timber forests, 10 12?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area of natural slope is 8 10?m 2 for timber forests, 12 15?m 2 for cash trees respectively. Transpiration from trees of micro catchment in YJG, compacted surface soil and natural slope treatment is by 47 65% 53 31%, 24 10% 36 93%, and 18 65% 29 55% of total rainfall (rainfall and harvested rainwater) respectively after the system was applied in the region. This system, which has been widely practising on the Loess Plateau, is now known as runoff forestry.On the basis of natural conditions of lack of rainfall on the Loess Plateau, this paper presents a method of design and construction in rainwater harvesting system for afforestation, which is suitable to the regions of 300 600?mm rainfall. The system consists of micro catchments of various forms and sizes that include planting areas, where trees are planted and trapped runoff, and contributing areas, where overland flow are produced by rainfall. The design is based on rainfall, runoff coefficients of contributing areas, evapotranspiration of trees and soil surface, water deficiency of soil, and environmental capacity of precipitation in the region, and so on. Runoff coefficient of contributing areas with YJG (organic silicon chemical treatment), compacted surface soil slope and natural slope micro catchments, are 0 8 0 89, 0 23 0 36, and 0 08 0 10 respectively. According to the Penman method, the soil water deficiency varies from 50?mm to 300?mm. In the region of 400?mm precipitation, the contributing area treated with YJG is 3 4?m 2 for timber forests, 8 10?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area treated with compacted soil surface is 6 8?m\+2 for timber forests, 10 12?m 2 for cash trees respectively; the contributing area of natural slope is 8 10?m 2 for timber forests, 12 15?m 2 for cash trees respectively. Transpiration from trees of micro catchment in YJG, compacted surface soil and natural slope treatment is by 47 65% 53 31%, 24 10% 36 93%, and 18 65% 29 55% of total rainfall (rainfall and harvested rainwater) respectively after the system was applied in the region. This system, which has been widely practising on the Loess Plateau, is now known as runoff forestry.

关 键 词：rainwater harvesting micro  catchments soil water AFFORESTATION the Loess Plateau 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]