硼氢化钠还原法回收电镀废液中的铜  

Recovery of Copper from Electroplating Wastewater by Reduction with Sodium Borohydride

作　　者：吴佳[1] 张振忠[1] 赵芳霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《化工环保》2010年第4期327-331��,共5页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：江苏省科技厅社会发展计划项目(BS2007120);江苏省火炬计划项目(H2007306)

摘　　要：采用NaBH4作为还原剂回收电镀废液中的铜。正交实验结果表明,各因素对剩余铜离子质量浓度的影响的显著性顺序为n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4)>反应时间>反应温度。最佳实验条件为:n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4)=1.50,反应温度30℃,反应时间25min。经该工艺可获得平均粒径为33nm的近球形立方晶系纳米铜粉,处理后废液中铜离子质量浓度低至0.2mg/L。在铜粉制备过程中加入非离子型表面活性剂可有效阻止晶粒长大,并提高其分散性能,使产物粒径均匀。采用苯骈三氮唑处理后的铜粉抗氧化能力明显提高。Copper was recovered from electroplating wastewater using NaBH4 as reducing agent.The results of orthogonal experiments show that the significance order of the factors affecting the mass concentration of residual Cu2+ is as follows: n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4) > reaction time > reaction temperature.The optimum recovery conditions are as follows: n(NaBH4)∶n(CuSO4)=1.50,reaction temperature 30 ℃,reaction time 25 min.By this process,nano-powder copper with spherical shape,cubic structure and 33 nm of average particle size can be prepared,and Cu2+ mass concentration in treated wastewater can reach as low as 0.2 mg/L.The addition of non-ionic surfactant in nano-powder copper production process can effectively prevent the grain growth,improve its dispersion property,and make the product particle size similar.The anti-oxidation capacity of nano-powder copper can be improved significantly by the treatment with benzotriazole.

关 键 词：电镀废液 铜 化学还原法 硼氢化钠 回收 纳米铜粉 综合利用 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]