神经细胞和胶质细胞的分化  

The differentiation of neuron and glia

作　　者：张艳[1] 黄永丽[1] 牛保华[2] 邓锦波[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学淮河大学,河南开封475004 [2]河南大学医学院,河南开封475004 [3]河南大学神经生物研究所,河南开封475004

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》2010年第5期471-474,共4页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30670688;307711加);河南省科技厅国际合作项目(0646630014);河南省教育厅项目(2007180008)

摘　　要：中枢神经系统的发育起源于神经干细胞,该细胞在内、外信号调控下能自我更新,分化为神经细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞。神经干细胞相当于放射状胶质细胞,该细胞多年来被认为是胶质细胞的特殊形式,并且支持、引导新生神经细胞的放射状迁移。所以,若能很好地理解神经干细胞的特性,将有助于了解神经系统的发育和发育相关的疾病,同时为中枢神经系统的退行性疾病、损伤及肿瘤的临床治疗提供思路。The development of central nervous system begins with neural stem cells,which can self renew and differentiate into neuron,astrocyte and oligodendrocyte under the regulation of intrinsic and extrinsic signals.However, neural stem cells seem to be equivalent to the radial glial cells regarded for many years as a specialized type of glial cells which support and direct the radial migration of newborn neurons.Therefore,it will help us to gain an insight into the development and diseases of nervous system simultaneouly,to provide strategies for clinical treatment of degenerative diseases,injury and tumour in central nervous system if the characteristics of neural stem cells can be well understood.

关 键 词：神经细胞分化 放射状胶质细胞 神经干细胞 少突胶质细胞 中枢神经系统 星形胶质细胞 神经前体细胞 细胞迁移 自我更新 发育过程 

分 类 号：R329[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]