重庆丰都雪玉洞群的洞穴特征和洞穴沉积物  

CAVE CHARACTERISTICS AND SPELEOTHEMS IN XUEYU CAVE GROUP, FENGDU, CHONGQING CITY

作　　者：朱学稳[1] 张远海[1] 韩道山[1] 文汝平 陈炳清 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,中国地质学会洞穴研究会,广西桂林541004 [2]重庆市丰都龙河旅游开发有限公司,四川重庆401147

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2004年第2期85-90,164-168,共11页Carsologica Sinica

摘　　要：重庆市丰都县的雪玉洞群 ,由水洞子 (雪玉洞群主洞 )、水鸣洞和羊子洞组成 ,发育于三叠系下统的嘉陵江灰岩中 ,均为沿单斜构造地层走向发育的纵向洞穴系统 ,集中分布在龙河峡谷左岸 2 km内高、中、低不同的相对高度 ,但洞穴发育特征差异甚大。在该洞穴群的次生物理—化学沉积物 (speleothems)中碳酸盐类(方解石、文石 )和硫酸盐类 (石膏 )并存 ,而且其形态的多样与完美 ,类型的稀有而珍贵 ,质地的纯粹而白净 ,在国内已发现的洞穴中是不多见的 ,其中尤以地石盾、塔珊瑚、钙膜晶锥。Eighteen kilometers from new downtown of Fengdu county, Chongqing city, Xueyu cave group is situated on the left bank of downstream of Longhe river, which is the tributary on the right bank of the Yangtze river, with geological coordinate of N46°30′~47°20′ and E107°47′00″~107°48′30″. It is developed in the monoclinal stratum of the lower Triassic carbonate rocks. Xueyu cave group is composed of three caves, Yangzi cave, Shuiming cave and Shuidongzi cave. Yangzi cave is the upper one, it is more than 500m in length and 100~120m in relative height above Longhe river bed, composed of lower and wide passages and rooms, as well as a lot of river and flood muddy sediments. Shuidongzi, the main cave, is the middle one, 1643.97m long by survey, and 55.5m high above river water level at the main cave entrance. It is a multi-layer and narrow passage cave extending along strata trend. Shuiming cave is the lower one. It is about 10m high above river water level and characterized with the biggest discharge of three caves and tufa platform at the cave entrance and big hall and sump at the end of the cave. Shuidongzi cave is exploited to be a show cave because of its multi-layered passages, big dimension and beautiful landscape, where the air temperature is 14.3 ~17.3℃, humidity is 90.2 %~96.8%, the water temperature is 15.2~15.4℃, the total dissolved solids is 163mg/l (measured on January 19th, 2002), and the age of 6 speleothem samples is 2.9 ~55.1 ka dated by uranium series age method. The speleothems in Xueyu cave are characterized as following: (1) there is a lot of kind of deposits such as dripstone, flowstone, pool water deposits and non-gravitational deposits; (2) the deposits is very white in color and pure in material, that is why the cave named Xueyu Dong (Snow-Jade cave); (3) there is many unusual types of deposits and formations, such as floor shield (Photo 4, 13 and 14), tower corals (Photo 17), raft crystal (Photo 18), crystal mat on the surface of raft pool (Photo 19), raft cone (Photo 20), c

关 键 词：洞穴 沉积物 硫酸盐 物理-化学沉积 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] P512.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]