中枢神经药物对两种品系小鼠行为学作用的比较  

Comparison of behavioral effects of psychoactive drugs between two strains of mice

作　　者：叶夷露[1] 张建亭[1] 钟雅文[1] 张纬萍[2] 沈香娣[1] 魏尔清[2] 张琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江医学高等专科学校药理教研室,浙江杭州310053 [2]浙江大学医学院药理学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（医学版）》2011年第4期384-390,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：浙江省卫生厅科研基金资助项目(2010KYA011)

摘　　要：目的:比较中枢神经药物对KM小鼠和ICR小鼠开场自发活动和被动回避试验的影响。方法:KM小鼠和ICR小鼠分别腹腔注射不同剂量的中枢兴奋药咖啡因(3、10、30 mg/kg)和麻黄碱(3、10、30、100 mg/kg),以及中枢抑制药地西泮(1、3、10 mg/kg)和水合氯醛(10、30、100 mg/kg)。给药10 min或30 min后,分别记录小鼠在开场内的自发活动2 h或被动回避试验的潜伏时间。分析小鼠的活动轨迹,以总路程、中央区域活动路程占总路程的比值(中央路程比值)、中央区域停留时间和穿梭的潜伏时间等指标,来评价药物对两种品系小鼠行为学活动特点的影响。结果:咖啡因和地西泮使潜伏期延长,麻黄碱和水合氯醛使潜伏期缩短,两种品系小鼠之间无明显差异。在两种品系小鼠的总活动路程上,麻黄碱10 mg/kg、地西泮3 mg/kg和水合氯醛100 mg/kg有差异。麻黄碱10、30、100 mg/kg对ICR小鼠的中央路程比值较KM小鼠增加、中央区域停留时间延长;地西泮3、10 mg/kg对ICR小鼠的中央路程比值较KM小鼠降低、中央区域停留时间缩短。结论:两种品系小鼠对开场自发活动的总路程、中央路程比值和中央区域停留时间有差异,对被动回避试验的潜伏时间无差异,为今后中枢神经药物的研究中动物品系的选择提供了依据。Objective:To compare the behavioral effects of psychoactive drugs between two strains of mice.Methods:The Kunming(KM) and ICR mice were injected intraperitonealy with caffeine(3,10,30,100 mg/kg),ephedrine(3,10,30,100 mg/kg),diazepam(1,3,10 mg/kg) and chloral hydrate(10,30,100 mg/kg),respectively.Ten min after injection,the locomotor activity in the open field was recorded for 2 h.The total distance,the distance ratio to total distance and the time in central region were analyzed for each drugs.Thirty min after injection,the latent time in the passive avoidance test was measured in a shuttle box.Results:Caffeine and diazepam prolonged the latent time,and ephedrine and chloral hydrate decreased the latent time,but there were no differences between the two strains.The two strains of mice exhibited significant differences in the total distance after injection of ephedrine 10 mg/kg,diazepam 3 mg/kg and chloral hydrate 100 mg/kg.Compared to KM mice,ICR mice exhibited an increase in the distance ratio and the time in central region after injection of ephedrine 10-100 mg/kg,but a decrease after diazepam 3-10 mg/kg.Conclusion:KM and ICR mice show no differences in latent time,but significant differences in the total distance,the distance ratio and the time in central region in the locomotor activity.Therefore,selection of mouse strains is important in the study of psychoactive drugs.

关 键 词：中枢神经系统药物/药理学 运动活动/药物作用 药物评价 品系差异 被动回避 自发活动 小鼠 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]