近50a来天山博格达峰地区四工河4号冰川表面高程变化特征  

Ice surface-elevation changes of Glacier No.4 of Sigong River in Bogda,Tianshan Mountains,during the last 50 years

作　　者：王璞玉[1,2] 李忠勤[1,2] 曹敏[1] 李慧林 王飞腾[1,2] 张明军 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2011年第3期464-470,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951003);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-127);国家自然科学基金项目(40631001;40571033;40701034;40371028;J0630966);国家基金委创新群体项目(40121101)资助

摘　　要：基于GIS技术,利用GPS测量数据和1962年地形图分别建立两期DEM,通过对比重点研究了四工河4号冰川1962-2009年冰舌区的表面高程变化特征。结果表明:1962-2009年间,冰舌区平均减薄15±10 m,年均减薄约0.32±0.2 m,冰储量亏损达(14.3±9.5)×10-3km3,折合水当量(12.9±8.6)×10-3km3。不同海拔、坡度区间冰面高程变化差异显著,海拔较低、坡度较缓区域的变化最为强烈。在气候变暖的趋势下,四工河4号冰川发生强烈消融,标志着博格达峰地区的冰川正处于物质严重亏损的状态,直接影响到流域水资源状况。Mountain glaciers are important water resources in the arid region and their mass loss or accumulation directly influence the water runoff.In addition,glaciers are one of potential climate indicators because they are sensitive to climate changes.Bogda is the biggest glaciation area in the eastern Tianshan Mountains and the glacier changes in this region directly influence water resources,living environment and other aspects,which have attracted wide attention of many researchers at home and abroad.Therefore,in the context of global warming,it is urgent to study the glacier changes in this region.In 2009,a large-scale scientific expedition was taken in Bogeda by staffs of Tianshan Glaciological Station and Glacier No.4 of the Sigong River was measured by high accuracy Real Time Kinematic-Global Position System(RTK-GPS).In this paper,ice surface-elevation changes of Glacier No.4 of the Sigong River from 1962 to 2009 had were studied by comparing the DEMs in the two periods,which were established from the GPS surveying data in 2009 and the topographic map(1∶50 000) in 1962,respectively.The study of ice surface-elevation changes can be used to estimate the mass loss or accumulation by calculating changes in ice thickness and ice volume,which is an effective method to estimate mass balance of glaciers lack of long-term observations,supplying reliable data for the evaluation of water resources accordingly.Moreover,ice surface-elevation changes within different ranges of elevation and slope were also analyzed in detail.Results indicated that the ice surface-elevation of the tongue area was decreased by 15±10 m with a rate of 0.32±0.2 m·a-1 during 1962-2009.It can be calculated that the wasting ice volume caused by the glacier thinning reaches to(14.3±9.5)×10-3 km3,corresponding to(12.9±8.6)×10-3 km3 water equivalent.That is to say,Glacier No.4 of the Sigong River supplied water runoff of(12.9±8.6)×10-3 km3 at least in the past 50 years.Analysis shows that there is considerable variability of ice surface-eleva

关 键 词：四工河4号冰川 博格达峰地区 冰面高程变化 GPS GIS 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]