巴基斯坦红其拉甫国家公园种子植物区系分析  

Seed-plant flora in Khunjerab National Park of Pakistan

作　　者：海鹰[1] 阿布力米提.阿布都卡迪尔 曾雅娟[1] 陈济丁[3] 王云[3] 陶双成[3] 周剑[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理系,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]交通运输部科学研究院交通环保与安全研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2011年第3期486-491,共6页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：交通运输部西部交通建设科技项目(200831822156);中国路桥工程有限责任公司共同资助

摘　　要：红其拉甫国家公园(国家自然保护区)位于巴基斯坦北部地区,喀喇昆仑山南坡,介于36°04′~37°05′N和74°38′~75°45′E之间,海拔3200~6000 m之间,平均海拔4000 m,总面积约2270 km2,建于1975年。通过实地考察和查阅相关文献资料,对分布于该地区的植物从区系组成、区系性质的角度进行了分析。结果表明,该地区共有野生种子植物38科149属369种,其中裸子植物2科2属5种,被子植物36科147属364种。按照吴征镒先生对中国种子植物所划分的15个分布区类型,对所整理和统计的种子植物进行地理成分分析表明,该地区分布的植物可归入10个分布区类型和13个变型。其中北温带分布的属、种最多,有72属199种,占该地区植物总属、种数的56.68%和71.56%。由此表明温带属性是该地区植物区系的基本特点。与此同时,该地区植物区系与旧世界温带及地中海-西亚-中亚交流最多,其次与温带亚洲和东亚有一定的交流,而与热带交流很少。Khunjerab National Park(the national nature reserve) was founded in 1975 with the total area of 2 270 km2,located in the northern part of Pakistan and southern sloping fields of the Karakorum Mountains,between latitude 36°04′～37°05′N and longitude 74°38′～75°45′E,with an elevation of 3 200～6 000 m,averaging 4 000m above sea level.In the park,there is a section of 60km long China-Pakistan-Karakoram Highway.In order to protect to the utmost the grass,woods and the proto-vegetation in the course of building the highway,the author of this paper conducted an on-the-spot investigation in the park in September 2009.Through the investigation and consulting related literatures,the author analyzed the plants of the area from the point of floristic composition and features.The result shows that there are 38 families,149 genera and 369 species of wild seed plants,among which there are 2 families,2 genuses and 5 species of gymnosperm,36 families,147 genera and 364 species of angiosperm.According to Mr.Wu Zhengyi's classification of the 15 distribution patterns of seed plants in China,the analysis on the geographical elements of the seed plants shows that the plants distributing in this area can be classified into 10 distribution patterns and 13 variations,of which the numbers of genera and species distributing in the north temperate zone are the largest with 72 genera and 199 species,making up 56.68% and 71.56% respectively of the total number of the genera and species in this area.This indicates the temperate zone property is the basic characteristic of the flora in the area.Meanwhile,most interflows between the flora in this area with that in the Old World temperate zone,Mediterranean-Western Asian-Central Asian,some interflows with the temperate Asian and Eastern Asian flora,and few ones with the tropical flora have been identified.Through the investigation and analysis it has been found that within the above mentioned 60km long highway section of the Karakorum Highways in Khunjerab National Park,the plant

关 键 词：种子植物区系 地理成分 红其拉甫国家公园 巴基斯坦 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]