中国干旱区特大城市低碳经济发展研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例  

Low-carbon economic development model of megalopolis of arid area in China:a case of Urumqi

作　　者：雷军[1] 张利[1,2] 张小雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2011年第5期820-829,共10页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40171113);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(kzcx2-yw-xb2-01)资助

摘　　要：为了应对全球气候变化,发展低碳经济、减排二氧化碳已经成为全球共识。本文以我国西北干旱区特大乌鲁木齐为例,分别从能源消费结构、能源利用效率、产业和行业能耗情况、碳排放和碳汇能力等方面系统分析城市低碳经济发展现状,指出了乌鲁木齐市发展低碳经济的特征和存在的问题,认为乌鲁木齐当前经济发展的"高碳"特征明显,能源利用效率低,能源消费结构不尽合理,新能源与可再生能源发展缓慢,碳汇能力差,低碳理念认识不足。干旱区背景、资源禀赋条件和经济技术条件决定了乌鲁木齐能源消费的"高碳"特征。针对乌鲁木齐低碳经济发展存在的问题,提出了相应的对策建议,并阐述了政府、企业、居民、科研机构和金融机构作为低碳经济发展的主要角色应当承担的责任与义务。The global warming which is caused by the excessive consumption of fossil fuels arouses vast concern in the whole world and brings heavy losses to the social and economic development,deeply affecting energy security,ecological security,water resource security and food security,and even threatening the survival of mankind.Therefore,the global warming catches the international society's serious concern and promotes the reflection of the current economic development model;by contrast the low-carbon economy model is gained wide attention and favored by many governmental organizations.Developed countries advocate the low-carbon economic development model and take a series of measures in the process of transformation to a low-carbon economy,meanwhile all countries are committed to developing low-carbon economy from which they hope to seek new economic growth points.Cities are the lifeblood of the national economy and their degree of economic development directly determine the level of overall strength of country;In addition,cities are the main body of the energy consumption and carbon emissions;the energy consumption and carbon emissions in cities significantly affect the whole country.Therefore cities play an important role in the process of low-carbon development.Urumqi,a metropolis in the arid in Northwestern China,holds the important place in the western city cluster.It will be the international business center between China and the Central and Western Asia,the International Cultural Exchange Center,the liaison of multinational regional as well as the important platform for economic cooperation between China and the five countries in the Central Asian in the future.The features of energy-utilizing in Urumqi are determined by the characteristics of the natural environment in arid areas,the advantage conditions of resource and the level of economic and technological conditions.The research of developing low-carbon economic in Urumqi will not only help to improve the ecological environment in cities and the urban huma

关 键 词：低碳经济 干旱区特大城市 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：F299.27[经济管理—国民经济] F205