基于地形因子的喀纳斯自然保护区土地利用/覆被现状格局分析  

Land use and land cover pattern in Kanas Natural Reserve based on terrain factors

作　　者：刘新宇[1,2] 杨兆萍[1] 马忠国[1,2] 邸枫[1,2] Geoffrey WALL[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]University of Waterloo,Waterloo

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2011年第5期851-857,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目"喀纳斯神仙湾景区旅游生态设计技术集成与示范"(200933128)资助;中国科学院特聘研究员计划(2010T2Z17)资助;2011年度中国科学院国际全作局俄乌白科技合作专项补助经费资助

摘　　要：在遥感和地理信息系统技术的支持下,以遥感数据和数字高程模型(DEM)为基础,运用GIS的空间叠加分析功能,将解译的遥感矢量数据与高程、坡度和坡向3个地形因子进行空间叠加分析,对喀纳斯自然保护区的土地利用/覆被分布现状格局进行了研究。结果表明:本区域土地利用/覆被格局主要以林地和草地为主,水域和建设用地占有很小比例,区域内未利用地(荒草地、沙地、裸土地、裸岩石砾地)比例较高,说明喀纳斯自然保护区受人类活动影响很小,但也在一定程度上说明其存在生态脆弱性;有林地主要分布在海拔2 500～3 400 m5、～15°及大于25°的阳坡;灌木林地主要分布在海拔2 900 m以下5、～15°的阴坡;草地主要分布在海拔3 400 m以下,高覆盖度草地主要分布在阳坡,而中、低覆盖度草地阴坡的比例大于阳坡;水域和建设用地主要分布在海拔2 500 m以下的阳坡;冰川和永久积雪主要分布在海拔3 400～3 800 m的阳坡;未利用地(荒草地、沙地、裸土地、裸岩石砾地)无明显分布规律。Research on LUCC at the regional scale has been implemented as the focus by IGBP and IHDP since 1995,and some achievements have been made.Kanas National Nature Reserve has the potential to be world natural heritage,but the increasing tourism has exerted increasing pressure to the local ecological environment.Therefore,it is significant to strengthen the research on LUCC of Kanas National Nature Reserve and understand the distribution and pattern of the LUCC initially.This work can provide reference information for making protection planning of the local ecological environment,and establish science-based foundation for the declaration and protection planning of the world natural heritage.In this paper,with the support of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS) technology,remote sensing data and digital elevation model(DEM) are used as the basic data sources.After the interpretation of the remote sensing images of Kanas Natural National Reserve,spatial overlay analysis for three terrain factors-elevation,slope and aspect is carried through in GIS.Thus,the land use/cover distribution and pattern of Kanas Natural National Reserve is studied on the above-mentioned spatial overlay analysis.The results indicate as follows: forest and grassland are the dominant land use/cover pattern in Kanas National Natural Reserve,and water region and construction sites take few proportions,indicating that the nature reserve has sustained few human activities while as the proportion of unused land is somehow large,ecological pressure exists to some extent in the nature reserve;forests are mainly distributed between the elevation of 2 500-3 400 m,at 5-15° of slop or above 25°,and mainly at sunny aspect;shrubs are mainly distributed below the elevation of 2 900 m,at 5-15° of slope;grassland is mainly distributed below the elevation of 3 400 m,and the high coverage grassland is mainly distributed at sunny aspect while the low coverage grassland tends to be at shady aspect in comparison with the high coverage grassland;wa

关 键 词：LUCC RS GIS 喀纳斯自然保护区 分布格局 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X24[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]