转eIF-5A及其修饰酶DHS基因选育作物新品种的研究进展  

Research Advances in Crops Breeding by Transformation of Regulated eIF-5A Gene and Its Modified Enzymes DHS Gene

作　　者：梁霆[1] 王雷[1] 李丽莉 赵金海[1] 杨志兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]孝感市产品质量监督检验所,湖北孝感432100

出　　处：《生物技术》2011年第6期88-91,共4页Biotechnology

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院青年创新基金项目("转调控eIF-5A基因表达对拟南芥生长发育的影响";编号:CX10H02)资助

摘　　要：概述eIF-5A和DHS的研究与应用的进展。脱羧腐胺赖氨酸合酶(deoxyhypusine synthase,DHS)广泛分布在微生物、植物、动物的细胞中,同时参与真核细胞翻译起始因子eIF-5A(eukaryotic initiation factor-5A)的蛋白质合成及其延伸与折叠和翻译后修饰功能。可见eIF-5A具有多种生物学功能,主要参与蛋白质翻译、合成蛋白质的延伸和折叠、细胞增殖、细胞周期的转化、mRNA的运输、降解、细胞衰老与凋亡等。而且eIF-5A是DHS的唯一底物,DHS的表达被抑制的植物表现为速生、抗逆性增强、种子的产量和植株增高,开花期与果实储存期延长的特征。转调控DHS和eIF-5A基因可能是一种农作物遗传育种的新途径。DHS(Deoxyhypusine Synthase,DHS)which distributed in cells of fungus,plants,animals widely,plays an important role in post-translational activation of eIF-5A(eukaryotic initiation factor-5A).eIF-5A is known as a substrate involved in many cellular activities,such as cell proliferation,protein translation,mRNA degradation,cell cycle,cell senescence and apoptosis.When DHS gene was repressed,the plants showed fast growth,resistance to adverse environments,high production of seed,prolonged florescence and fruit storage time.This article aimed to review the recent study on crops breeding by transformation of regulated eIF-5A gene and its modified enzymes DHS gene.

关 键 词：植物遗传改良 脱氧羧腐胺赖氨酸合酶 真核细胞翻译起始因子 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]