高气压变化对年轻飞行员心率及短程心率变异性的影响  

the hyperbaric effect to heart rate and short-term heart rate variability on young pilots

作　　者：李起栋 时翠华 洪钰锟 郭娟 

机构地区：[1]解放军第一七一医院,江西九江332000

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2009年第3期182-185,195,211,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨高气压变化对年轻飞行员心率(hr)及短程心率变异性(hrv)的影响.方法 利用高压舱结合动态心电图对30名年轻飞行员进行临床试验,记录升压前、升压过程中、高压状态、减压过程中及减压后各5 min的平均hr及所有正常r-r间期标准差(sdnn)、相邻正常r-r间期差值均方根(rmssd)、相邻r-r间期差异大于50 ms的百分数(pnn(50))3项短程hrv时域指标,并进行统计学处理.结果 气压升高可使hr减慢,升压前76.56±12.33次/min,升压过程中67.25±10.21次/min,高压状态65.06±7.02次/min;随着大气压的恢复,hr逐渐加快,但未恢复到升压前水平;主要反映交感和迷走神经总张力的hrv指标sdnn和主要反映迷走神经张力的rmssd、pnn(50)基本上随着环境大气压升高而升高,随着大气压降低而降低.结论 高气压的变化对年轻飞行员的hr和短程hrv有较明显的影响,在飞行员的选拔和训练时应予以重视.objective to investigate the effect of high pressure change to heart rate (hr) and short-term heart rate variability (hrv) on young pilots. methods hr, standard deviation of the nn interval (sdnn), root mean square of the squared differences of successive nn intervals (rmssd), and percentage of the difference of successive nn interval >50 ms (pnn_(50)) in 5 minitues of 30 young pilots were recorded by dynamic electrocardiogram before, in and at constant pressurization, as well as in decompression and after decompression in a hyperbaric chamber. data were statistically analyzed. results pressurization might cause hr decreased. hr varied from 76.56±12.33 bpm before pressurization, 67.25±10.21 bpm during onset of pressurization, to 65.06 ±7.02 bpm at peak. with the return to normal atmospheric pressure, hr increasedly recovered but never to the level before pressurization. such hrv parameters as sdnn that mainly reflected the combined sympathetic and vagal tone, and rmssd and pnn_(50) that indicted vagal tone, were varied with atmospheric pressure. conclusions change of atmospheric pressure may significantly affect young pilots' hr and short-term hrv, and this would be cared in pilot selection and training.

关 键 词：大气压 心电描记术 便携式 心率 

分 类 号：R852.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R540.41[医药卫生—临床医学]