麦棉两熟共生期对棉苗叶片光合性能的影响  

Effect of Shading in Wheat-Cotton Double Cropping Symbiotic Period on Photosynthetic Performance of Leaves During Cotton Seedling Stage

作　　者：周治国[1] 孟亚利[1] 陈兵林[1] 张立桢[1,2] 孙学振[3] 王立国[3] 施培[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学/农业部作物生长调控重点开放试验室 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455112 [3]山东农业大学农学系

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2004年第6期825-831,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170545)

摘　　要：黄淮棉区主要麦棉两熟种植方式(3∶1和3∶2 式)共生期遮荫对棉苗叶片光合性能影响的研究结果表明,棉苗叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率随叶位升高呈单峰曲线变化,其峰值叶位相同,变化趋势随遮荫程度增大而降低。与 3∶1式比较,3∶2式棉苗基部叶片叶绿素降解慢,叶绿素a/b 值增大,暗呼吸作用增强,其相应叶片有效捕捉光能的能力和生理活性提高。共生期遮荫降低了功能叶光饱和点、光补偿点和CO 饱和点,可提高叶片在较低光2强条件下对光能的捕捉能力,利于光合作用进行。与常规棉比较,麦棉共生期3∶2式遮荫对棉苗生长发育的影响较小,而 3∶1式遮荫则不利于棉苗生长发育。In Huang-huai cotton growing region, the effect of shading in symbiotic period on photosynthetic performance of leaves in cotton seedling stage of the main planting patterns of cotton-wheat double cropping was studied. Results showed that the chlorophyll contents and the photosynthetic rate presented a single-humped curve according to the leaf position changing. It’s peak value was in thesame leaf position, and dropped according to shading degree increasing. Compared with 3:1 model,3:2 model could postpone the chlorophyll degradation of the radical leaves, increase chla /chlb value and strengthen respiration performance, so as to improve leaf physiological activity and ability of obtaining light energy. Light saturation point, light compensation point and CO2 saturation point dropped under condition of shading, so as to improve the ability of leaf obtaining light energy in environment of low intensity of illumination, so as to benefite photosynthesis. Compared with routine cotton, so far as cotton seedling development, the 3:2 model shading was insignificantly to cotton seedling development while the 3:1 model shading was unfavorable.

关 键 词：棉花 叶片 光合性能 麦棉两熟制 共生期遮荫 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]