我国光伏产业现状与可持续发展策略研究  

China′s Photovoltaic Industry Today and Sustainable Development Strategy

作　　者：李雷[1] 杨春[2] 

机构地区：[1]连云港出入境检验检疫局,江苏连云港222042 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中外能源》2012年第4期28-37,共10页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：光伏产业属于我国中央政府确定的战略性新兴产业,是新世纪的朝阳产业。近年来,在业界的共同努力下,我国光伏产业整体向上发展。目前已经建立起较为成型的硅工业体系,工业硅产量连续多年雄居世界首位。光伏设备制造水平也大有提高,少数领域已赶上国际先进水平。2011年国内光伏电池产量达到12.5GW,连续5年保持世界第一位。2011年光伏装机容量增幅迈过吉瓦大关,国内(不包括台湾地区)光伏装机容量达到3GW,装机容量占世界总装机容量的比重从2010年的不到3%上升到10%左右。同时,光伏产业政策体系初步形成,随着国内光伏装机市场的逐步兴起,光伏电池组件的国内销售量也在上升,"两头在外"的局面正得以改变。科技发展水平方面,技术研发水平、标准体系的建设和完善以及专利申报和保护等都有一定程度的发展。但是在产业快速发展的同时,也暴露出外销市场萎缩、融资难、并网瓶颈突出、产能堆积严重、质量水平参差不齐和人才短缺等问题。为了推动我国光伏产业的整体可持续发展,建议应尽快建立和完善光伏产业贸易争端解决机制平台,共同面对国外的各种贸易争端威胁。同时应强化国家调控督导,努力疏浚融资渠道,提升光伏并网水平,严格质量体系控制,强化人才队伍培养,积极拓展国内市场,并构建有力的政策支持环境,从根本上提升业界信心。The photovoltaic industry is an emerging strategic industry supported by the central government and is also a sunrise industry in the new century.In recent years,owing to the concerted effort of all players,the domestic photovoltaic industry has been growing steadily.A relatively complete silicon industrial system has been established and China′s industrial silicon output has remained the highest worldwide for many years.China′s photovoltaic equipment manufacturing ability has also improved considerably and some equipment is among the most advanced worldwide.In 2011,China′s photovoltaic cell production reached 12.5GW,the highest in the world for the fifth year in a row.China′s newly installed photovoltaic generating capacity in 2011 broke through the key level of 1GW,raising the country′s total photovoltaic generating capacity to 3GW(excluding Taiwan),representing some 10% of the world′s total as compared to less than 3% in 2010.At the same time,China′s photovoltaic industry policy system has taken preliminary shape.As the domestic photovoltaic market grows,sales of photovoltaic cell components are increasing as well.On technological advancement,substantial progress has been made in technological research and development,the construction and improvement of standard systems,and the registration and protection of patents.Despite the rapid growth of this industry,however,some prominent issues remain to be resolved such as shrinking export markets,financing difficulty,difficult grid integration,serious geographical capacity imbalance,mixed quality levels and talent shortages.In order to promote the photovoltaic industry to grow in a sustainable manner,the country should establish a photovoltaic industry trade dispute resolving mechanism as soon as possible to join forces of different parties in solving trade disputes with foreign countries.China should also strengthen state regulation and supervision,dredge financing channels,improve photovoltaic power grid integration,step up the implementation of qual

关 键 词：光伏产业 光伏电池 装机容量 融资渠道 贸易争端 并网水平 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F426.6[经济管理—产业经济]