创建若干10×10~8m^3级生物天然气“气田”可行性分析  

Feasibility Study into Building 10×10~8m^3 Biogas Fields

作　　者：程序[1] 朱万斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京100193

出　　处：《中外能源》2012年第7期24-28,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：近年来我国天然气消费量快速增加,天然气对外依存度2012年将达到30%,"十二五"期间将突破40%。开发利用非常规天然气是提高天然气自给率的主要途径,生物天然气在某种意义上也是一种非常规天然气,是将沼气净化和提纯而得,与常规天然气有相同的质量,其显著的减排二氧化碳作用乃至碳负排放作用是独一无二的。产业沼气对解决我国"三农"问题有不可忽视的重大作用。生物天然气在欧盟国家正在成为一大新兴可再生能源产业,截至2010年,欧盟各国已有近8000家大型沼气厂,绝大部分是2000年后新建的。我国生物天然气资源丰富,技术接近成熟,近中期有年产1500×108m3以上的潜力,但迄未引起重视。创建若干个10×108m3级的生物天然气"气田",尽快摘掉沼气单单只是"农村能源"的"帽子",对我国大幅度减少温室气体排放量和提高能源自给率都具有重大意义。China′s natural gas consumption has been rising rapidly in recent years.The country′s reliance on imported natural gas will reach 30% by the end of 2012 and will exceed 40% by the end of the Twelfth Five Year Plan period.Developing and utilizing conventional natural gas is the main approach to raising natural gas self-sufficiency rate.Biogas is actually also a non-conventional natural gas,produced by purification of marsh gas.It has the same quality with conventional natural gas and its role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions or achieving negative carbon emissions is unique.Industrial-scale marsh gas development will play a significant role in resolving issues relating to the rural area,agriculture and rural residents.Biogas is becoming an emerging renewable energy industry in EU countries.As of the end of 2010,EU countries had established nearly 8000 large marsh gas plants,most of which went into operation after 2000.China has significant biogas resources as well as nearly mature technology.The country is expected to establish a 1500×108m3 or larger capacity in the near or mid future.However,not enough importance has been attached to this work.Establishing several 10×108m3 biogas fields and expanding the use of biogas from the rural area to the urban area will help greatly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and raising energy self-sufficiency.

关 键 词：生物天然气 产业沼气 对外依存度 碳负排放 农村能源 能源自给率 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]