有杆泵抽油机井节点能耗及系统效率优化仿真模型及应用  

Simulation Model for Optimizing Energy Consumption at Nodes of Sucker Rod Pumping Wells and System Efficiency

作　　者：秦忠诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司第十采油厂,黑龙江大庆166405

出　　处：《中外能源》2012年第8期83-87,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：机采井能耗高、系统效率低,严重制约了大庆油田有杆泵抽油系统的高效运行和区块整体经济、有效开发,机采井的能耗分析与节能优化研究已成为油田节能工作迫切需要解决的问题之一。通过对有杆泵抽油机系统效率进行组成分析,把有杆泵抽油机系统分为电机、皮带、减速箱、四连杆机构、盘根盒、抽油杆、抽油泵和管柱8个节点,建立了能耗所占比重较大的电机能耗、抽油泵能耗、抽油杆能耗和管柱能耗仿真模型以及熵权模糊优化仿真模型。根据所建立的仿真模型和大庆油田某采油厂在用的4种机型的8个节点的测试资料,利用Visual Basic 6.0开发了有杆泵抽油机系统节点能耗和系统效率优化仿真软件。仿真计算结果表明,各节点损耗大小的次序为:电机>抽油泵>抽油杆柱>管柱>皮带-减速箱>四连杆>盘根盒。依据仿真结果,有针对性地进行抽汲参数优化,使抽汲参数更加合理。与优化前相比,抽油机井优化后的系统效率提高了4.74个百分点。Wells producing oil using pumps in Daqing Oilfield consume large amounts of energy and have very low system efficiency.This has posed a restraint on the efficient operation of sucker rod pumping systems in Daqing Oilfield and the economic growth and effective development of blocks.Energy consumption analysis and energy saving optimization study for pump recovery wells have become one of the immediate challenges for Daqing Oilfield to overcome in its energy saving work.By analyzing the factors affecting the efficiency of a sucker rod pumping system,researchers have divided this system into eight nodes — motor,belt,reducer casing,four-bar mechanism,packing box,sucker rod,oil pump and tubing string and established energy consumption simulation models and fuzzy entropy optimization models for key energy consuming units such as motors,oil pumps,pumping rods and tubing.Based on the simulation models and the testing data from eight nodes of four types of sucker rod pumping systems used in an oil recovery plant of Daqing Oilfield,these researchers developed software to simulate and optimize energy consumption at the nodes of sucker rod pumping systems as well as system efficiency using Visual Basic 6.0.Simulation results show that the energy dissipation at these nodes is ranked as:motor>oil pump>pumping rod>tubing string>belt-reducing casing>four-bar mechanism>packing box.Based on the simulation results,the researchers selectively optimized sucker parameters to make them more rational.After the imposition of optimizing measures,the system efficiency of the sucker rod pumping wells in Daqing Oilfield increased 4.74 percentage points.

关 键 词：有杆泵抽油机 节点 系统效率 仿真模型 熵权模糊优化 能耗 节能 

分 类 号：TE933.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]