汉代“劫质”行为与未成年受害者  

“Kidnapping” Act and the Minor Victims in Han Dynasty

作　　者：王子今[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院,北京100872

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第3期178-186,共9页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"秦汉时期未成年人生活研究"(06JA770004)

摘　　要：汉代"劫质"行为是军事政治争斗的手段,也构成了严重危害社会安全的犯罪。"劫质"以未成年人为对象是常见的情形。研究当时未成年人生活,应当对于"劫质"现象中的相关情节予以关注。有人"劫执"桥玄少子以"求货",桥玄以强硬态度拒绝,并力促攻击犯罪者,致使其子被杀。桥玄又建议朝廷"凡有劫质,皆并杀之,不得赎以财宝,开张奸路"。据说因此降低了"劫质"发案率。人们在这一事件中的表现,反映了面对"劫质"犯罪不同的情感倾向和处置方式,可以看作社会史和司法史研究的重要素材。而未成年人在法律和亲情复杂纠结时完全被动的地位,以及他们的生命权利在作案者和办案者双方都未得到应有的尊重,甚至其生死在历史记忆中往往缺失的情形,都值得人们深思。The kidnapping act in Han dynasty was a means of military and political struggle,and it also constituted the crime which threatened the security of society.'Kidnapping' the minor is a common event.Studying the life of minors at that time should pay attention to the relevant circumstances in which the kidnapping happened.Someone kidnapped the junior son of QIAO Xuan to extort money and treasure,however,QIAO unyieldingly rejected he extortion.Besides,he did his utmost to promote the attack against the criminals,which result in the death of his son.QIAO Xuan also suggested the imperial court that in no case of kidnapping,should kidnapper and the hostage remain alive and nobody be allowed to redeem the hostage with money and treasure and open a door for the evil.It was said that such practice reduced the incidence of 'kidnapping'.The performance of people in this incident,reflected the different emotional tendencies and different disposal ways in the face of the crime of 'kidnapping',which can be taken as the important materials of social history study and judicial history study.Meanwhile,the completely passive position of the minors in the complex tangle of law and family,their right to life going disrespected by both criminal and case handler,and even their life and death often missing in the historical memory,all give us much food for thought.

关 键 词：汉代 劫执 劫质 未成年人 勿顾质 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]