户用沼气池生命周期环境影响及经济效益评价  

Environmental Effect and Economic Benefit Evaluation of Life Cycle for Household Biogas Digester

作　　者：陈豫[1,2] 胡伟[1] 杨改河[2,3] 冯永忠[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]宜宾学院生命科学与食品工程学院,四川宜宾644000 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农机化研究》2012年第9期227-232,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：四川省教育厅青年基金项目(11ZB144);宜宾学院博士启动金项目(2011B05);国家自然科学基金项目(40901063)

摘　　要：为了评价户用沼气池全生命周期的环境影响和经济效益,以中国农村8m3户用沼气池为研究对象,分别采用生命周期评价和生命周期成本方法对户用沼气池全生命周期的环境影响和经济效益进行了定量评价。研究结果表明,8m3户用沼气池全生命周期(功能单元为400m3沼气)对环境影响负荷为1.641 8人当量,各种环境影响类型的相对贡献大小依次为富营养化、全球变暖、酸化。生命周期成本为3 082元,经济收益为835元,成本回收期为3.69年。基于上述分析得出沼肥的不合理利用和沼气池建设材料的弊端是影响沼气池环境排放和经济效益的主要因素,并提出了户用沼气行业减少环境排放和提高经济效益的对策和建议。In order to evaluate environmental impact and economic benefits of life cycle for household biogas digester,8 m3 household biogas digester was used a research object and the methods of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost were used to quantitatively analyze them.The results showed that environmental impact load of 8 m3 household biogas digester(functional unit is 400 m3 biogas) was 1.6418 equivalent population.Among three kinds of environmental impact types,relative contribution of eutrophication was first,that of global warming was second,and that of acidification was third.Also life cycle cost was 3082 Yuan,net profit was 835 Yuan per year and cost recovery period were 3.69a.The conclusion that major influencing factors of the biogas digester on environmental emissions and economic efficiency are irrational utilization of biogas fertilizer and disadvantages of construction materials for biogas digester is concluded from above analysis and countermeasures and suggestions are gave for reduce environmental emissions and enhance economic efficiency in household biogas industry.

关 键 词：沼气 环境影响 生命周期 经济效益 

分 类 号：S21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]