理想氨基酸模式下低粗蛋白质饲粮对蛋鸡生产性能的影响  

Effects of Low Crude Protein Diets in Ideal Amino Acid Pattern on Performance of Laying Hens

作　　者：任冰[1,2] 武书庚[2] 计峰[2] 张海军[2] 岳洪源[2] 董延[3] 高玉鹏[1] 齐广海[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [3]赢创德固赛投资有限公司健康与营养事业部,北京100176

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2012年第8期1459-1468,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD26B03);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-K13);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903006-03);家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究以理想氨基酸(AA)模式配制的低粗蛋白质(CP)饲粮对21～32周龄蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、全血氨浓度和血浆尿酸浓度及粪氮含量的影响。试验选用540只体重相近的健康海兰灰蛋鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡,分别饲喂等能量(11.00 MJ/kg)的5种CP水平(17.00%、16.50%、16.00%、15.50%和15.00%)的饲粮,试验期12周。结果表明:在理想AA模式下降低饲粮CP水平,蛋鸡产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),平均蛋重有降低的趋势(P=0.06),但对平均日采食量、日产蛋重和蛋料比无显著影响(P>0.05);降低饲粮CP水平极显著影响了蛋白高度和哈氏单位(P<0.01),显著影响了蛋黄颜色(P<0.05),未显著影响蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度(P>0.05);饲粮CP水平对各鸡蛋成分均无显著影响(P>0.05),但鸡蛋蛋白含量随饲粮CP水平的降低有降低的趋势(P=0.09);饲粮CP水平对血浆尿酸浓度及全血氨浓度均无显著影响(P>0.05);降低饲粮CP水平极显著降低了蛋鸡粪氮含量(P<0.01)。由此可见,在理想AA模式下,适当降低饲粮CP水平可提高蛋鸡产蛋率,改善鸡蛋品质,降低粪氮含量。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of low crude protein diets in ideal amino acid pattern on performance,egg quality,the concentrations of plasma uric acid and whole blood ammonia,and nitrogen content in excretion of laying hens aged 21 to 32 weeks.Hy-Line Grey laying hens(n=540) were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments,which had 17.0%,16.5%,16.0%,15.5% and 15.0% crude protein levels at the same dietary energy of 11.00 MJ/kg,respectively.Each treatment contained 6 replicates of 18 hens.The trial lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows: in ideal amino acid pattern,average daily feed intake,daily egg yield and egg/feed were not be affected(P>0.05),while laying rate was significantly affected by dietary crude protein level(P<0.05),and average egg weight was tended to be decreased during this trial(P=0.06).The egg quality parameters,such as albumen height and Haugh unit,were significantly affected by dietary crude protein level(P<0.01).The dietary crude protein level significantly affected yolk color(P<0.05),but did not affect eggshell thickness and strength(P>0.05).There were no significant effects on egg components,but the albumen content in egg was tended to be decreased with the decreasing of dietary crude protein level(P=0.09).The concentrations of plasma uric acid and whole blood ammonia among treatments were not be affected by dietary crude protein level(P>0.05).As dietary crude protein level decreased,the nitrogen content in excretion was significantly reduced(P<0.01).The results indicate that laying rate and egg quality in laying hens fed low crude protein diets added synthetic amino acids can be improved during the trial,and nitrogen excretion is significantly decreased.

关 键 词：低粗蛋白质 蛋鸡 生产性能 蛋品质 粪氮含量 

分 类 号：S83[农业科学—畜牧学]