模拟条件下鸡舍氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响  

Effects of Ammonia Concentration in Poultry House on Growth Performance and Conventional Behavior of Broilers under Simulated Conditions

作　　者：李东卫[1] 卢庆萍[1] 白水莉[1] 张宏福[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2012年第2期322-326,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：科研院所基本科研业务费(2011cj-2);公益性行业科研专项经费(20100311-2)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响。试验在4个人工气候环境控制舱中进行,氨气浓度分别控制在(0±5)mg/kg、(25±5)mg/kg、(50±5)mg/kg和(80±5)mg/kg。选取21日龄、体重相近[(579.2±6.2)g]和健康的爱拔益加(Arbor Acres)雄性肉鸡480只,随机分在4个组中,每组设4个重复,每个重复30只鸡,笼养,自由采食和饮水,试验期为4周。在试验第21、22和23天,用录像设备记录试验鸡的日常行为;试验结束当天,所有试验鸡空腹称重,计算试验期平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。试验结果显示:1)在0～50 mg/kg氨气浓度范围内,肉鸡的平均日增重和平均日采食量无显著差异(P>0.05);当氨气浓度达到80 mg/kg时,试验组肉鸡的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)在0～80 mg/kg氨气浓度范围内,肉鸡的料重比无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)当氨气浓度达到50 mg/kg时,肉鸡趴卧持续时间显著减少(P<0.05);当氨气浓度达到80 mg/kg时,肉鸡趴卧持续时间极显著减少(P<0.01),而站立的次数和持续时间及走动的次数均显著增加(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,鸡舍内氨气的大量聚集会抑制肉鸡的生长,并对肉鸡日常行为的正常表达产生一定的影响,从而影响肉鸡的健康与福利。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of ammonia concentration in poultry house on growth performance and conventional behavior of broilers under simulated conditions.Four hundred and eighty 21-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broilers with similar body weight of(579.2±6.2) g were randomly allotted into four groups with four replicates in each group and thirty broilers in each replicate.Each group of broilers was placed in a separated,environmentally controlled chamber,and ammonia concentrations in the four chambers were metered continuously to maintain(0±5) mg/kg,(25±5) mg/kg,(50±5) mg/kg and(80±5) mg/kg,respectively.The broilers were raised in cages and provided ad libitum access to water and diets.The experiment lasted for four weeks.On d 21,22,and 23,broilers were videoed by digital video in order to record the conventional behavior.At the end of the experiment,all of broilers were weighted for calculating the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI) and feed/gain(F/G).The results showed as follows: 1) ammonia concentration between 0 and 50 mg/kg did not significantly affect ADG and ADFI of broilers(P>0.05),while ADG and ADFI of broilers were significantly decreased compared with the control group at the ammonia concentration of 80 mg/kg(P<0.05);2) ammonia concentration between 0 and 80 mg/kg had no significant effects on F/G of broilers(P>0.05);3) compared with the control group,when the ammonia concentration was 50 mg/kg,the duration of lying of broilers was significantly decreased(P<0.05),when the ammonia concentration was 80 mg/kg,the duration of lying of broilers was significantly decreased(P<0.01) and the frequency of standing and walking and the duration of standing were significantly increased(P<0.05).These results indicate that the accumulation of a mass of ammonia in the poultry house can inhibit the growth of broilers and be detrimental to conventional behavior and health of broilers.

关 键 词：氨气浓度 肉鸡 生长性能 日常行为 

分 类 号：S815.5[农业科学—畜牧学]