明代南京造船厂探微  

Exploration Nanjing Shipyards in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：刘义杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京海洋出版社,编审北京100081

出　　处：《海交史研究》2010年第1期31-54,共24页Journal of Maritime History Studies

摘　　要：有明一朝,南京乃全国造船和管理中心。由于隶属关系不同,明代南京造船虽有四部专著,但均未能厘清南京造船的大概情况,致使在讨论郑和宝船的建造时也意见各异。本文认为,明代南京造船厂除龙江船厂和宝船厂外,还有快船厂、马船厂和黄船厂,所造之船如快船、平船、马船、遮洋船等,涵盖了明代建造的大部分船型。以建造海船为主的快船厂位于新江口地区,与郑和宝船厂的位置重迭,现在被称为宝船厂遗址的地方就是快船厂遗址。本文简要介绍了《南船纪》、《船政》、《龙江船厂志》和《船政新书》,认为这四部专著乃是了解明代南京造船业的基本著作,应予以足够的重视。Nanjing was the national ship-building and management center in the Ming Dynasty.Although there are four books on Nanjing Shipyards in the Ming Dynasty,theystill do not clarify a general situation of Nanjing shipbuilding at that time due to affiliationdifference,which results in various views on the discussion of Zheng He treasureship building.In this article,I take the view that Nanjing Shipyards during the MingDynasty includes not only Longjiang(龙江船厂)and Baochuan(宝船厂),but alsoKuaichuan(快船厂),Machuan(马船厂)and nuangchuan(黄船厂),the fastboat(快船),flat boat(平船),Ma boat(马船),Zheyang boat(遮洋船)etc.,which confer most of the ship types in the Ming Dynasty.The fast boat factory whichmainly built sea boats is located in Xinjiangkou area,the location as Zhenghe's Bao-chuanfactory.The place regarded nowadays as Baochuan site is acturally the site of thefast boat factory.This article has made a brief introduction on Nanchuan Record(《南船纪》),Ship system(《船政》),Longjiang Shipyard Record(《龙江船厂志》)and New reviewon Ship System(《船政新书》).These four books are basic works to understandNanjing Shipbuilding during the Ming Dynasty,and enough attention needs to be paidto.

关 键 词：南京 明代 造船 船厂 宝船厂 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]