丰台地区维持性血液透析患者现况单中心调查研究  

Investigation of the current status of maintenance hemodialysis patients in the Fengtai district of Beijing city

作　　者：湛娜[1] 陈芝[1] 崔冬妮[1] 胡琼芬[1] 熊锡山[1] 刘晓玲[1] 王汉斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院附属医院肾内科,北京100071

出　　处：《中国血液净化》2012年第9期515-517,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Purification

摘　　要：目的初步调查北京市丰台区在军事医学科学院附属医院血液净化中心维持性血液透析部分患者的现状。方法选择2012年2月的患者82例,用调查表登记年龄、性别、民族、原发病、是否行肾穿病理检查、透析龄、输血史、血管通路及透析间期水肿、心力衰竭等发生情况和就医费用状况进行横断面调查研究,对采集数据进行统计学分析。结果患者年龄61±14岁;男女比例1:1.6(Z=-2.208,P=0.027);汉族79例(占96.3%),满族2例(占2.4%),回族1例(占1.2%)(Z=8.392,P<0.001)。原发病因为糖尿病的30例(占36.6%),为高血压的21例,有肾穿病理诊断结果的6例(占7.3%),病因不明的15例(占18.3%)。透析年限大于3年的患者21例(占25.6%);有输血史的患者29例(占35.4%);动静脉内瘘患者68例(占82.9%)(Z=5.963,P<0.001)。透析间期水肿及心力衰竭症状发生率分别为15.9%(13/82)和19.5%(16/82);医保患者68例(占82.9%),新农合医疗患者8例(占9.8%),军队医改患者1例(占1.2%),自费患者5例(占6.1%)。结论丰台地区血液透析患者以汉族为主,女性多于男性;51岁以上患者原发病以糖尿病为主(占45.5%),50岁以下患者原发病未明者居多(占43.8%)。透析间期水肿、心力衰竭发生率较低;内瘘比例较高,医保覆盖率高达93.9%,其95%置信区间为[86.34%～97.99%]。Objective To investigate the current status of maintenance hemodialysis patients residing in the Fengtai district of Beijing city and treated in the 307 Hospital.Methods We selected 82 patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis in the Blood Purification Center of the 307 Hospital in February,2012.We used questionnaire forms to collect their useful data including age,gender,nationality,primary disease,dialysis age,blood transfusion,blood vessel access,edema and heart failure during dialysis intervals.A database was established for statistical analysis.Results The patients was 61 ± 14 years of age,with the male to female ratio of 1:1.6(Z =-2.2086,P=0.0272) and the nationalities of 96.3% Han,2.4% Man and 1.2% Hui(Z=8.3928,P < 0.0001).The primary diseases leading to hemodialysis included diabetic nephropathy(36.6%),hypertension(25.6%),and undefined causes(18.3%).Only 7.3% patients had the diagnosis from kidney pathological examination.Dialysis age for more than 3 years was found in 25.6% patients.Arteriovenous fistula for blood access was established in 82.9% patients(Z=5.9633,P < 0.0001).Edema and heart failure during inter-dialysis period occurred in 15.9% and 19.5% patients,respectively.Medical insurance covered the expenses of hemodialysis in 82.9% patients,and 6.1% patients had to pay the medical expenses by themselves.Blood transfusion history was found in 35.4% patients.Conclusion The 82 hemodialysis patients residing in Beijing Fengtai district and treated in this hospital were predominantly Chinese Han nationality,and more females than males.The principal primary disease was diabetes(45.5%) in patients over 51 years of age,and was undefined in patients under 50 years of age(43.8%).Edema and heart failure in interdialysis period were uncommon.Most patients used arteriovenous fistula for blood access.Medical insurance covered hemodialysis expenses in 93.9% patients.

关 键 词：终未期肾病 维持性血液透析 现况调查 

分 类 号：R45[医药卫生—治疗学]