山东寿光半地下式日光温室主要生态因子变化特征  

Changing Characteristics of Major Ecological Factor in Semiunderground Solar-greenhouse at Shouguang, Shandong Province

作　　者：于军辉[1] 董绪兵[1] 魏家鹏 艾希珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室园艺作物生物学农业部重点开放实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司,山东寿光262702

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2011年第10期28-34,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：山东省财政支持重大应用技术创新课题资助项目

摘　　要：2009年9月～2010年5月对山东寿光地区半地下式和地平式日光温室主要生态因子进行测定。结果表明:晴天条件下半地下式日光温室内昼夜气温变化范围为14.8～40.6℃,地温19.0～25.0℃,平均值1月最低,5月最高;空气相对湿度42.6%～97.7%,平均值1月和3月较高,5月最低。不同时期气温和地温的昼夜变化规律相似,气温每天5:30～7:30最低,12:00～13:30最高;地温的最低值和最高值分别出现在8:30～10:30和17:30～20:00。相对湿度的昼夜变化趋势与气温相反,12:00～15:00最低,7:00～9:00最高。测定期内半地下式日光温室白天的光量子通量密度变化范围为211.0～1304.7μmol·m-2·s-1,CO2浓度为207～1219μl·L-1。晴天光量子通量密度先升高后降低,而CO2浓度则先降低后升高,峰值和谷值出现在11:00～14:00。与地平式相比,半地下式日光温室的气温、地温、相对湿度较高,光量子通量密度和CO2浓度差异不大。一天中气温高于35℃和相对湿度高于90%的时间较长,气温低于20℃和相对湿度低于70%的时间较短。Major ecological factors in semi-underground and ground solar-greenhouse at Shouguang region were investigated from Sep 2009 to May 2010.The results showed that the air temperature(Ta)in day and night changes from 14.8 ℃ to 40.6 ℃,and soil temperature(Ts)was 19.0-25.0 ℃.Ta and Ts were the lowest in Jan and the highest in May.The relative humidity(RH)changed from 42.6 % to 97.7 %.Again it was the higher in Jan and Mar,the lowest in May.Ta changed with the similar rule to Ts in day and night.Ta came to the lowest at 5:30-7:30,and to the highest at 12:00-13:30.The lowest and highest value of Ts appeared at 8:30-10:30 and 17:30-20:00,respectively.RH in day and night changed contrary to Ta,its lowest value appeared at 12:00-15:00,and the highest appeared at 7:00- 9:00.The photon flux density(PFD)changed from 211.0 μmolm-2·s-1 to 1 304.7 μmolm-2·s-1.The CO2 concentration was 207-1 219 μl·L-1.The PFD increased in the morning,and decreased in the afternoon,but the CO2 concentration was changed oppositely in clear day.Their peaks or valleys appeared at 11:00-14:00.Compared with the ground solar-greenhouse,the semi-underground one showed higher Ta,Ts and RH and almost the same PFD and CO2.During the day,time with higher than 35 ℃Ta and higher than 90 % RH was longer and time with Ta lower than 20 ℃ and RH lower than 70 % was shorter.

关 键 词：生态因子 半地下式 地平式 日光温室 黄瓜 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]