无人机事故中人的因素  

Survey of human factors in unmanned aerial vehicle accidents

作　　者：郑晓惠[1] 王颉[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2012年第2期144-150,共7页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 综述美军军用无人机事故中人的各种因素所起的相关作用及针对性预防措施的研究情况. 资料来源与选择 无人机事故中人的因素研究领域相关文献. 资料引用 引用文献27篇. 资料综合 在介绍军用无人机简要发展概况和与人的因素相关问题的基础上,回顾了近15年来美国陆、海、空军所发生的与人的因素有关的无人机事故,介绍了该领域正在和拟开展的针对性预防研究工作. 结论 军用无人机正处于飞速发展的阶段,在无人机所发生的事故中人的因素占有相当的比重,涉及到人机工效、操作人员心理生理、人员选拔培训和管理使用等方面.国内此方面的工作基本处于空白.吸取国外的经验教训和研究结果,有助于减少因设计原因,或使用过程中由于人的因素所导致的无人机事故,促进我军无人机的发展,并拓展航空医学的研究领域.Objective To review the roles of human factors played in the US military unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) accidents and the targeted preventive measures. Literature resource and selection Related published literatures and information on internet in this field. Literature quotation Twenty-seven references were cited. Literature synthesis Based on the brief introduction of the development of military UAV and the issues related to human factors,the human factors related UAV accidents of US Army,Navy and Air Force in past 15 years were reviewed.The undergoing and proposed prevention researches in the field were introduced and concluded. Conclusions Military UAV is at a stage of rapid development.In the UAV accidents the human factors have a significant share that related to ergonomics,psychology and physiology of operator,as well as to personnel selection,training and management.The domestic work in this area is still blank.Learning lessons,benefiting from research findings and stressing the human factors in the design and application would be helpful to reduce military UAV accidents and to promote its development in China.

关 键 词：飞机 事故 航空 人体工程 心理学 人的因素 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]