空军飞行人员颈肌强度分析  

Analysis on neck muscle strength of Air Force aircrews

作　　者：夏凌[1] 陈小萍[1] 李交杰[1] 季思菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军杭州航空医学鉴定训练中心,310007

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2012年第3期179-182,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 测量空军飞行人员颈部肌群强度,分析不同机种飞行员颈肌强度的差异及其与航空动力学环境的相关性. 方法 应用颈肌训练器对200名空军飞行人员颈部前、后、左、右侧肌群进行等长测试,每个方向测试10次,记录10次中最大肌力及10次最大肌力的均值.按机种及年龄分组,比较不同组间飞行人员颈肌群最大肌力、平均最大肌力.组间比较采用方差分析或t检验.结果 高性能战斗机组后伸,左、右侧屈肌群最大肌力及最大肌力均值最高,分别为(216.6±68.6)N、(133.7±34.4)N、(154.8±50.5)N及(160.4±47.7)N、(101.6±28.6)N、(118.4±29.7)N;普通歼击机组前屈肌群最大肌力及最大肌力均值最高,分别为(121.4±28.5)N和(85.2±15.7) N;教练机组后伸,左、右侧屈肌群最大肌力及最大肌力均值最低,分别为(156.9±55.9)N、(101.9±43.3)N、(122.4±52.7)N和(110.8±42.6)N、(75.7±31.9)N、(82.3±30.5)；预警机组前屈肌群最大肌力最低,为(98.3±24.7)N；运输机组前屈肌群最大肌力均值最低,为(71.0±22.0)N.高性能战斗机组与普通歼击机组颈肌肌力差异无统计学意义.≤35岁年龄组颈肌肌群最大肌力及最大肌力均值与＞35岁组间差异无统计学意义. 结论 各机种飞行人员颈肌强度值普遍不高,且机种间差别不大,为防止高G值引起的颈部损伤,空军飞行人员尤其是战斗机飞行员需要加强颈肌强度训练.Objective To evaluate neck muscle strength (NMS) of Air Force aircrews and to investigate the NMS difference among different aircraft aircrews as well as its relation with dynamic environment.Methods The maximum isometric flexion,extension,left and right lateral flexion NMS of 200 aircrews were respectively tested by CME-1 neck muscle training equipment for 10 times.The peak neck muscle strength (PNMS) and mean value of maximal isomeric neck muscle strength (MNMS) in the tests were recorded.Aircrews were grouped by the aircraft type and age (by the boundary of 35 yrs).PNMS and MNMS of different groups were compared.The analysis of variance or t-test was used for the comparison between groups.Results The extension,left and right lateral flexion PNMS and MNMS of high performance fighter group was respectively (216.6±68.6)N,(133.7±34.4) N,(154.84±50.5)N and (160.4±47.7)N,(101.6±28.6)N,(118.4±29.7)N.These were higher than those of other groups.Common fighter group showed highest flexion PNMS [(121.4±28.5)N],and MNMS [(85.2±15.7)N].Trainer group'sextension,left and right lateral flexion PNMS and MNMS was respectively (156.9±55.9)N,(101.9±43.3)N,(122.4±52.7)N and (110.8±42.6)N,(75.7 ± 31.9)N,(82.3 ± 30.5)N.These were lower than those of other groups.Early warning aircraft group's flexion PNMS was (98.3 ± 24.7) N,lower than that of other groups.Transporter group had the lowest MNMS on flexion,(71.0± 22 0)N.There was no statistical difference on PNMS and MNMS between high performance fighter group and common fighter group.The PNMS and MNMS differences between the group ≤ 35 yrs and ＞ 35 yrs were not significant.Conclusions NMS of aircrews is not so strong no mater what the aircraft type and there is no evident NMS difference among different aircraft aircrews.Enhancing aircrew' s,especially fighter pilot' s,NMS training is suggested to prevent G-induced neck injuries.

关 键 词：颈肌 肌力 生物力学 航空 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]